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This book commemorates Solomon Marcus’s fifth death anniversary with a selection of articles in mathematics, theoretical computer science, and physics written by authors who work in Marcus’s research fields, some of whom have been influenced by his results and/or have collaborated with him. Related Books Dedication to Professor Michael Tribelsky: 50 Years in Physics Computer Science & Mathematics ... Commemorative Issue in Honor of Professor Karlheinz Schwarz on the Occasion of His 80th Birthday Chemistry & Materials Science From Quantum Paraelectric/Ferroelectric Perovskite Oxides to High Temperature Superconducting Copper Oxides -- In Honor of Professor K.A. Müller for His Lifework Computer Science & Mathematics In Memory of Stefan Kunz Biology & Life Sciences Commemorative Issue in Honor of Professor Emeritus Calvin H. Bartholomew in Anticipation of His 75th Birthday Chemistry & Materials Science The recommendations have been generated using an AI system. About: About MDPI Boo

This book features the manuscripts accepted for the Special Issue “Applications in Electronics Pervading Industry, Environment and Society—Sensing Systems and Pervasive Intelligence” of the MDPI journal Sensors. Most of the papers come from a selection of the best papers of the 2019 edition of the “Applications in Electronics Pervading Industry, Environment and Society” (APPLEPIES) Conference, which was held in November 2019. All these papers have been significantly enhanced with novel experimental results. The papers give an overview of the trends in research and development activities concerning the pervasive application of electronics in industry, the environment, and society. The focus of these papers is on cyber physical systems (CPS), with research proposals for new sensor acquisition and ADC (analog to digital converter) methods, high-speed communication systems, cybersecurity, big data management, and data processing including emerging machine learning techniques. Physical imp

Medicinal chemistry has emerged as a powerful research area for developing bioactive molecules for disease treatment and as a useful tool for various applications. Thus, small molecules as well as macromolecules have emerged as key building blocks in both biological and pharmaceutical applications. Drug design and discovery represent a cutting-edge interdisciplinary area that involves chemistry, physico-chemistry, chemical biology, molecular biology, materials science, bioinformatics, cheminformatics as well as other disciplines. By integrating these research areas, scholars can explore the potential of medicinal chemistry to address complex challenges in disease treatment, imaging, diagnostics, and targeted therapy. This reprint of Biomolecules focuses on the design and synthesis of bioactive compounds for therapeutic applications as well as the investigative study of biological systems using small or macromolecules. This reprint includes eight studies that focus on various medicinal chemistry aspects, such as the design and synthesis of bioactive molecules and their biological evaluation, as well as the investigation of various extracts for their biological activity. This publication also reports the binding and signalling activity of some receptors involved in antimicrobial and antiradical activity, cognitive function, oxidative stress, and neuronal plasticity. This reprint also contains four review papers related to advances related to the biological activities of some natural and synthetic molecules, including bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloids, 1,3-selenazoles, and enoxacin-based compounds.

Quantum chromodynamics (QCD) is the fundamental theory for the strong interaction between quarks and gluons. It is widely believed that phase transitions for color deconfinement exist at high temperatures or baryon densities, and that QCD matter will be in a new phase, i.e., the so-called quark–gluon plasma (QGP), under these extreme conditions. The only known way to achieve the deconfinement phase transitions in the laboratory is through high-energy nuclear collisions. Over the past two decades, nuclear collisions at the Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider (RHIC) and Large Hadron Collider (LHC) have provided a vast amount of data over a wide range in center-of-mass energy. QGP is believed to be created in the early stage of those collisions, evidenced by multiple signatures, such as collective flow, jet quenching, and quarkonium suppression. This Special Issue is dedicated to the following Chinese pioneers in this field: Hong-Fang Chen, Liao-Shou Liu, Ru-Keng Su, and Qu-Bing Xie. The contributed papers focus on recent progress in global properties of QGP and multiparticle production in heavy-ion collisions.

Recent advances in gastrointestinal tumors include the finding of drug targets and diagnostic markers; this Reprint focuses on the molecular mechanisms of gastrointestinal (especially treatment-resistant) cancer. It details new therapeutic approaches, such as immunotherapy, drug target discovery, and diagnostics, to overcome this resistance.

Modern technical facilities are constructions that are sophisticated in terms of functionality and in terms of the material technologies used. Therefore, it becomes necessary to obtain reliable information about the material and its current state. This is not easy task considering the variety of materials present and their applications. Therefore, this reprint brings together publications focused on two areas: new diagnostic methods adapted to new materials; and the procurement of new information about conventional materials used in innovative technical solutions. The solutions to the above are seen in the use of modern sensory systems, enabling and seeking information in new physical relationships, i.e., analyzing cross effects. In this collection, we can read about research on intelligent materials based, for example, on microgranules or rubber-ferritic conglomerate, which, in addition to fulfilling functional tasks, can provide valuable information about the operation of the objec

This Special Issue of Forests explores the role of soundscapes in urban forested areas. It is comprised of 11 papers involving soundscape studies conducted in urban forests from Asia and Africa. This collection contains six research fields: (1) the ecological patterns and processes of forest soundscapes; (2) the boundary effects and perceptual topology; (3) natural soundscapes and human health; (4) the experience of multi-sensory interactions; (5) environmental behavior and cognitive disposition; and (6) soundscape resource management in forests. Related Books Acoustics, Soundscapes and Sounds as Intangible Heritage Engineering ... Urban Forests and Landscape Ecology Biology & Life Sciences Urban Forestry and Sustainable Environments Landsenses in Green Spaces Environmental & Earth Sciences Recent Progress in Urban Forest Planning and Monitoring Environmental & Earth Sciences The recommendations have been generated using an AI system. About: About MDPI Books Advisory Board Legal

The production of industrial and bioenergy crops has been the subject of scientific research for many years; however, the implementation of previously proposed solutions for commercial production is still at an early stage. It should be emphasized that when developing the production of industrial and bioenergy crops on agricultural lands, it is important to avoid land-use competition with the production of food and feed. It is well justified, for initiating the sustainable production of industrial and bioenergy crops, to promote efficient species for growing on marginal lands, which are unsuitable or less suitable for food or feed production. Another important point is that industrial and bioenergy crops should include nonfood and nonfeed crops and generate agricultural products categorized as commodities and/or raw materials for industrial goods and bioenergy. These industrial and bioenergy crops can become an important source of biomass. Of course, the concept of their cultivation

In this book, nine papers focusing on different fields of power electronics are gathered, all of which are in line with the present trends in research and industry. Given the generality of the Special Issue, the covered topics range from electrothermal models and losses models in semiconductors and magnetics to converters used in high-power applications. In this last case, the papers address specific problems such as the distortion due to zero-current detection or fault investigation using the fast Fourier transform, all being focused on analyzing the topologies of high-power high-density applications, such as the dual active bridge or the H-bridge multilevel inverter. All the papers provide enough insight in the analyzed issues to be used as the starting point of any research. Experimental or simulation results are presented to validate and help with the understanding of the proposed ideas. To summarize, this book will help the reader to solve specific problems in industrial equipmen

Natural products are compounds or substances produced by living organisms that are found in nature. Since natural sources are considered potential resources for developing lead compounds in drug discovery, a significant number of studies have focused on finding new therapeutic effects of natural products on human diseases, such as cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, immunological disorders, and metabolic diseases. This Special Issue, entitled “Therapeutic Effects of Natural Products on Human Diseases” covers the therapeutic effects of various natural products (plants, microorganisms, algae, foods, animals, etc.) on human diseases. Importantly, mechanistic studies evaluated by in vitro and/or in vivo experiments to identify major molecules and/or cellular pathways of targeted therapeutic action of natural compounds should be involved.

The persistent efforts toward achieving superior properties for assembled nanoscale particles have been hindered due to the resulting polydispersity associated with colloidal routes of synthesis. A solution to this limitation seems to have emerged through the advent of ligand-protected atomic clusters. In this case, the ligands stabilizing the clusters are highly reactive and thus provide a facile avenue for the “ligand-mediated spatial organization of nanoclusters”. Thus, a dispersion of atomic clusters typically constitutes of structurally and chemically related species. Hence, the perusal of chemical reactions toward achieving complex nanostructures in a controllable manner could yield self-assembled nanoclusters with multiple functions and collective properties, widening their application potential. Together, we embark on a journey to unlock approaches to materials chemistry developed for assembling atomically precise clusters into higher-ordered structures in various dimensions.

The plant world—plants, algae and fungi—is an extraordinary source of bioactive molecules that can be exploited in the pharmaceutical, food, cosmetics, and skincare industries. This source has been known since the dawn of time. In recent decades, thanks to manufacturing, the by-products of several industries can be used as raw materials for the extraction of value-added molecules. Their use in the food, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical industries has become a major economic and environmental challenge. Extensive research has been undertaken to identify bioactives in plants, algae, and micro-organisms. Among these molecules, particular attention has been paid to their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. Numerous studies have been carried out on by-products or cultivated plants; few investigations have focused on species used in traditional and popular medicine around the world. Measurement methods limit the comparison of information, and assessment of their activities remains confined to minor uses. The evaluation of skin care creams, biological effects, and antimicrobial and anti-tumor effects require further research. The following Special Issue includes publications exploring the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of natural compounds, their distribution in organisms, measurement methods, ways to increase extraction, and their effects on the development of new drugs, foods, and skin care products.

Due to the accumulation of oxygen in Earth’s atmosphere, endogenous antioxidants in aerobic organisms evolved. More than a simple attack (reactive species) or a defense (enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants) duel, redox metabolism also comprises non-radical redox metabolites, redox-sensitive transcription factors, and redox-sensitive proteins that form a network of signaling pathways. These pathways are now known to mediate important processes in aerobic organisms, from circadian rhythms to ageing and lifespan regulation. Indeed, oxidative stress is considered to be important to living organisms. Unsurprisingly, environmental stresses might disrupt the redox balance, triggering compensatory adaptive responses. The modulation of redox metabolism has been documented for phylogenetically diverse species exposed to a myriad of environmental stressors, such as warming, freezing, dehydration, exposure to UV radiation, exposure to pollutants, and variations in oxygen availability. In na

This reprint details some of the latest developments and the science of durum wheat products outlining the latest research in durum milling innovations, role of durum wheat oil and wheat germ in product stability, available rheological methods to assess semolina, role of processing variables on pasta quality and drying behavior of bulgur. The impact of functional food design on human health and some examples where pasta glycaemic index has been surveyed and products made using waste streams, such as brown algae, tiger nut flour, carrot waste, and other approached to new durum product design such as high amylose durum wheat and soft durum wheat. Related Books Durum Wheat Breeding and Genetics Biology & Life Sciences ... Improving the Sensory, Nutritional and Technological Profile of Conventional and Gluten-Free Pasta and Bakery Products Biology & Life Sciences Recent Advances in Cereals, Legumes and Oilseeds Grain Products Rheology and Quality Biology & Life Sciences ... Effects of P

This book discusses the role of environmental and social impact assessments in companies, such as profit and non-profit realities as a pathway for sustainable development and the role of hybrid organizations in the context of growth and change. The book includes theoretical analyses, case studies, and literature reviews on impact assessment using broad perspectives. Finally, the links between social assessment and social finance are addressed. Related Books Sustainable Economic Development Social Sciences, Arts & Humanities ... Bank Management, Finance and Sustainability Business & Economics Environmental Impact Assessment by Green Processes Biology & Life Sciences ... Theory and Practice of Sustainable Economic Development Business & Economics Environmental Impact Assessment of Buildings Environmental & Earth Sciences ... The recommendations have been generated using an AI system. About: About MDPI Books Advisory Board Legal Information: MDPI Privacy Policy Terms and Condition

The great potential of remote sensing technologies for operational use in sustainable forest management is addressed in this book, which is the reprint of papers published in the Remote Sensing Special Issue “Operationalization of Remote Sensing Solutions for Sustainable Forest Management”. The studies come from three continents and cover multiple remote sensing systems (including terrestrial mobile laser scanning, unmanned aerial vehicles, airborne laser scanning, and satellite data acquisition) and a diversity of data processing algorithms, with a focus on machine learning approaches. The focus of the studies ranges from identification and characterization of individual trees to deriving national- or even continental-level forest attributes and maps. There are studies carefully describing exercises on the case study level, and there are also studies introducing new methodologies for transdisciplinary remote sensing applications. Even though most of the authors look forward to contin

Kinanthropometry studies body size, shape, proportionality, composition, biological maturation, and function to understand growth, aging, health, movement, and nutrition. It focuses on the relationship between human structure and movement. In public health, anthropometric measurements help assess risks such as malnutrition, obesity, muscle atrophy, increased fat mass, and abnormal fat distribution. Both underweight and overweight are significant health risks, strongly linked to non-communicable diseases. Overweight and obesity have risen across most age groups worldwide, driven by reduced physical activity and increased consumption of energy-dense foods. Anthropometric indicators are simple, portable, non-invasive, and cost-effective tools that can be widely used to estimate body composition disorders and guide prevention and medical interventions, especially in older adults. In sports, kinanthropometry is essential for describing athletes’ physical characteristics, including body composition, somatotype, and proportionality. It supports the evaluation and monitoring of morphological traits during the competitive season, talent detection, identification and development, and the study of growth, maturation, and training responses. It is also useful for monitoring athletes following specific diets. This Special Issue aims to highlight current and future kinanthropometric techniques and their applications in sports science and health, providing a platform for various research types, including original studies, short communications, and reviews.

In recent years, demand for organic products has grown, as consumers consider them to be safer and healthier than conventional ones. Research has been conducted over the years to investigate old and new reliable systems for testing the authenticity of products obtained using organic cultivation methods. This Special Issue contains original research articles, communications, and review articles on different agronomic practices and techniques (such as fertilization and pest management) that address crop authenticity in organic agriculture. Research that focuses on the application of approaches to tracking chemical components derived from the primary and/or secondary metabolism of organic and conventional products are included. The SI also includes papers that discuss the isotopic distribution of elements and that highlight the diversity induced by conventional and organic production techniques with the final aim of establishing new tools for organic horticultural crop characterization and authenticity. The use of innovative spectroscopic techniques and metabolomics and the application of sustainable agronomic practices in organic cropping systems are reported. Finally, the SI also reports data analysis through chemometrics tools that enable the validation of multivariate implemented approaches for organic crop authenticity.

This Special Issue brings together 12 articles featuring state-of-the-art research on language variation and change in Portuguese. The data derive from multiple corpora of Portuguese, representing different regional and historical varieties: (contemporary) Angolan, Brazilian, European, Mozambican, Santomean, and Uruguayan Portuguese, as well as Medieval and Classical Portuguese. This Special Issue brings to the forefront analyses of understudied phenomena in Portuguese and discusses the contributions of the findings to current debates in theoretical linguistics.

Nowadays, fossil fuels are still the main source of primary energy in power generation, transport, and industry in general. Therefore, issues regarding environmental protection, and in particular, air protection, are of great importance. Hence, they have become a key part of the global policies of most developed countries. This Special Issue of Energies, entitled “NOx, PM, and CO2 Emission Reduction in Fuel Combustion Processes”, deals with various methods and reduction technologies targeting pollutant emissions, especially NOx, CO2, and particulate matter, associated with different fuel combustion processes. This topic is focused mainly on conventional hydrocarbon fuels; however, we consider biofuels as well. Related Books New Fuels and Advanced Combustion Modes for Innovative Internal Combustion Engines Engineering Thermochemical Conversion Processes for Solid Fuels and Renewable Energies Chemistry & Materials Science ... CO2 Emissions from Vehicles (Volume II) Engineering Advance

The World Health Organization (2002) classified violence as a leading international public health problem that requires immediate intervention. Violence is a pervasive social problem whose causes and consequences are inextricably linked to individuals, families, institutions, communities, and societies. The negative consequences of violence, and serious violence in particular, reverberate beyond the immediate moment and location of it. By bringing together partners with varied skills, whole-system multiagency approaches are advocated as the leading means of targeting serious violence. With this context in mind, this Special Issue examines a variety of collaborative, community-based approaches to preventing and reducing serious violence across the global landscape. The contributions from practitioners and researchers focus on the prevention and reduction of serious interpersonal violence in communities. The typologies of serious violence discussed by the collaborators include gang mem

Wildfire risk can be perceived as the combination of wildfire hazards (often described by likelihood and intensity) with the susceptibility of people, property, or other valued resources to that hazard. Reflecting the seriousness of wildfire risk to communities around the world, substantial resources are devoted to assessing wildfire hazards and risks. Wildfire hazard and risk assessments are conducted at a wide range of scales, from localized to nationwide, and are often intended to communicate and support decision making about risks, including the prioritization of scarce resources. Improvements in the underlying science of wildfire hazard and risk assessment and in the development, communication, and application of these assessments support effective decisions made on all aspects of societal adaptations to wildfire, including decisions about the prevention, mitigation, and suppression of wildfire risks. To support such efforts, this Special Issue of the journal Fire compiles artic

Wood surface attributes can be established by examining its several different physical or chemical properties. Differences in the wood surfaces occur between the manufacturing and post-treatment processes as well. Understanding how their unique anisotropic molecular organization, chemical linkages, branching, and other molecular features govern micro- and macroscale accessibility is essential for coating and complex modification processes. It is therefore important for scientific as well as practical reasons to qualify and quantify the effects of wood surface treatments and modifications. Challenges still exist to fully understanding the effect of the numerous applied chemicals and the wide range of treatment processes on wood surfaces. Related Books Surface Properties and Surface Treatments of Wood and Wood-Based Composites Chemistry & Materials Science ... Wood Modification: Characterization, Modelling and Applications Engineering Wood Properties and Processing Chemistry & Materials

Nasal drug administration offers a wide range of therapeutic options including local and systemic drug delivery, brain targeted therapy and mucosal vaccination. However, its potential has yet to be fully exploited. Expanding the range of nasally administered drugs requires development of innovative formulations that enhance drug availability at the action site. Namely, formulation strategy is the key response to drug solubility, permeation and stability issues as well as mucoadhesive performance. Another important aspect is the development of nasal delivery devices to achieve efficient drug deposition in specific nasal regions of interest, which is a prerequisite for effective nasal therapy. This Reprint offers a concise overview of the latest strategies and innovations in the development and administration of nasal drug delivery systems. Emphasis is placed on targeting deposition in the olfactory region, with the aim of achieving efficient CNS drug delivery. Nevertheless, this Reprint also includes examples of broader applications of the nasal route of administration, such as systemic delivery, mucosal vaccination, and the prevention of airborne infections, while providing insights into future perspectives in this rapidly evolving field.