Perpustakaan Digital

This Special Issue aimed to explore the cutting-edge advancements in vision science, optometry, and ocular surface research. In an era marked by rapid technological progress, there is an imperative to understand how innovations in diagnostic tools, treatment protocols, and computational models are reshaping our understanding of ocular health and vision care. We invited contributions that delved into novel methodologies, uncovered new aspects of ocular physiology, or offered fresh perspectives on the management of eye conditions. Related Books Vision Science and Optometry Medicine & Pharmacology Ophthalmic Optics and Visual Function Public Health & Healthcare Treatment of Cornea and Ocular Surface Diseases Medicine & Pharmacology The Challenges and Therapeutic Prospects in Eye Disease Biology & Life Sciences Ophthalmology Medicine & Pharmacology The recommendations have been generated using an AI system. About: About MDPI Books Advisory Board Legal Information: MDPI Privacy Poli

The issues relating to the functioning of the tourism economy include both the activities of tourism enterprises and spatial units, i.e., tourism destinations, as well as tourism demand, including tourists' purchasing behavior. The aim of the Special Issue of Economies is to present the current results of research on the functioning of the tourism market and its individual elements. The presented studies refer to four groups of issues: the foundations of the tourism industry, including general rules and economic mechanisms related to the operation of this industry market; the functioning of tourism entrepreneurs, especially in the tourism industry, mainly in the area of accommodation offers; the operation of tourist destinations and the available offers in tourist areas; the trends in tourist demand, including the purchasing behavior of tourists in tourist destinations. Related Books Current Trends in Tourism under COVID-19 and Future Implications Business & Economics Economic Susta

This reprint reports advances in the topic of Deep Eutectic Solvents regarding their use as green alternatives in different chemical applications. Studies on the extraction/preconcentration processes of pharmacologically relevant molecules, structural spectroscopic studies, and application in gas purification studies are reported. Two relevant reviews are also published in the context of carbon dioxide conversion and their use in the chemistry of transformations. This reprint therefore aims to summarize some of the pertinent issues in DES chemistry through relevant literature references. Related Books Ionic Liquids and Deep Eutectic Solvents: Greener Approaches for Sustainable Chemistry Chemistry & Materials Science Recent Advances in Green Solvents Chemistry & Materials Science Recent Advances in Processing Technologies for Substance Extraction, Separation, and Enrichment Engineering Eutectic Solvents Chemistry & Materials Science Ionic Liquids and Deep Eutectic Solvents for Applic

This Book of Toxins comprises 11 original contributions and one review. New findings regarding presence of mycotoxins in aromatic and medicinal plants, mango and orange juice, juices, pulps, jams, and beer, from Morocco, Pakistan, and Portugal are reported. In these studies, innovative techniques to study their presence has been developed, including liquid chromatography coupled with time-of-flight mass spectrometry to analyse mycotoxins and conjugated mycotoxins. Novel strategies to detect mycotoxin presence and comparisons the characteristics of a rapid quantitative analysis of different mycotoxins (deoxynivalenol, ochratoxin A, patulin, sterigmatocystin, and zearalenone) are also presented using acetyl- and butyrylcholinesterases and photobacterial strains of luminescent cells. Additionally, toxicological effects of zearalenone metabolites and beauvericin on SH-SY5Y neuronal cells are presented. One important point in the control of mycotoxins is related to decontaminated strategi

In the 21st century, climate change is anticipated to raise the overall temperature of the planet and have profound impacts on human health, resulting in, for example, heat-related disorders, allergic and respiratory disorders, infectious diseases, mental health problems and violence. It is considered the greatest global health threat of the century. The impact of climate change on human health is closely associated with overpopulation, poverty, and socioeconomic injustice. This Special Issue, ‘Confronting the Climate Change and Health Nexus: Interactions, Impacts, and Adaptation Strategies’, comprises high-quality research related to the effects of climate change on human health and addresses the adaptation actions we may implement to protect public health from climate change. The 11 studies published in this Special Issue cover a broad range of topics, including mental health and climate anxiety, professional perceptions and preparedness, complex risk interactions, vulnerable populations, environmental exposures (heat stress, air pollution, drought, and disease vectors), and adaptation strategies. Together, these studies provide valuable insights into the climate–health nexus, informing strategies aimed at mitigating risks and promoting resilience across populations.

Biomass is one of the most readily available sources of sustainable energy and its processed products can be used not only as a source of energy but also as a source of technologically important carbon materials. This Special Issue presents the latest research on biomass pyrolysis and the utilisation of biochar. In this SI, scientists have undertaken, among other things, an analysis of the influence of biocomponent additives on the coking properties of coal mixtures, developing mathematical models to predict changes in these parameters. Recent research on biomass pyrolysis is providing new technological solutions, such as the development of a new two-chamber reactor to produce biochar from rice husks, adapted to the needs of small farms, which highlights the importance of local solutions. Biochar is a valuable raw material whose importance is growing, for example, in metallurgy and steelmaking, where mixtures of biochar and coke have been shown to improve the properties of slagging and process stability. The use of mathematical methods in optimising the gasification of sewage sludge has enabled high energy efficiency and CO₂ emission reductions to be achieved, demonstrating that thermal biomass conversion methods still have potential for decarbonisation. The research described in this Special Issue also covers the application of food waste, the co-pyrolysis of lignin and plastic waste, and torrefied wood to obtain high-energy products, and a significant reduction in CO₂ emissions in the metallurgical industry. This research highlights the potential of biomass pyrolysis as a tool for energy transition and the circular economy.

The rapid and unprecedented spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and the resulting coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused millions of deaths worldwide. Additioanlly, it has put pressure on healthcare systems everywhere. In order to control the spread of coronavirus disease, as many as 31 COVID-19 vaccines have been approved for emergency use to date, and over 10 billion doses have been administered globally. However, many new variants of SARS-CoV-2 have emerged since vaccine development, with high transmissibility and an ability to escape immune responses. An antibody immune response is important for the clearance of the virus and critical for the generation of memory response to prevent reinfection. SARS-CoV-2 generates a virus-specific IgM, and IgG and neutralizing IgG response in the days following infection. However, the IgG response wanes over time and, in some cases, leads to only partial protection. There is a need for further research in this field to understand the measure/degree of long-term protection conferred by the vaccine, vaccine-driven pathology and immune differences among patients. This necessitates the critical evaluation of vaccine efficiency to expedite vaccine research.

Hazardous artificial contaminants are molecules of inorganic and organic nature (pharmaceuticals, food sources, heavy metals, dyes, personal care products, detergents, flame retardants, cosmetics, and pesticides) with potential toxicological effects on human health and the environment (air, water, and soil) due to their ubiquity at trace levels. These products could be bio-persistent during conventional treatment processes; accordingly, the adoption of proper and innovative technologies is necessary for the removal of these hazardous, persistent chemicals before their release into the environment. The aim of this reprint, entitled “Innovative Materials and Processes for the Removal of Biopersistent Pollutants”, was to collect studies devoted to the recent progress and new perspectives in the treatment and removal of hazardous artificial contaminants in the air, soil, and water supply. Related Books Innovative Materials and Methods for the Removal of Pollutants from the Environment C

This reprint is a printed edition of the Special Issue on Maritime Autonomous Vessels that was published in the Journal of Marine Science and Engineering. It contains an editorial and 17 peer-reviewed research studies in the field of Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships (MASS), Unmanned Surface Vessels (USVs), Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUVs), and underwater gliders, to name a few. The main goal of this reprint is to address key challenges, thereby promoting research on marine autonomous ships. There are many topics on autonomous vessels involved in this reprint, for instance, automatic control, manoeuvrability, collision avoidance, ship target identification, motion planning, and buckling analysis. Related Books Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships Engineering Autonomous Marine Vehicle Operations Computer Science & Mathematics ... Autonomous Marine Vehicle Operations Computer Science & Mathematics ... Safe Maneuvering, Efficient Navigation and Intelligent Management for Ships Comput

Several problems related to violence, grievances, and states’ lack of legitimacy and capacity to manage economic, social, and political issues are clustered together as an interactive structure in the Middle East and Northern Africa (MENA) region. The effect of one of these problems is difficult to identify in the absence of analyses of the others. Global generalisations on the effects of these problems can bring us closer to the understanding of state fragility and the associated problems in the MENA region, although the study of MENA specifically also reveals region- and sub-region-specific features. Some of them pertain to the MENA region only, whereas others help develop the understanding and sophistication of global generalisations. This book offers a much-needed overview and several explanations on the otherwise confusing triangular problems of state fragility, grievance, and conflict, focusing on one of the conflict hotspots of the world. It compiles expertise on the triangula

In recent years, the interest in magnesium and in microelements in older people has exponentially increased. The deficiency of either magnesium and microelements, in fact, is associated with several negative outcomes in older people. Therefore, in this book, we decided to report the most novel and important research findings regarding these important topics. In particular, authoritative authors in the field of nutritional research in older people reported their experience in magnesium research, including articles on metabolic and cardiovascular aspects of magnesium deficiency. Moreover, we speculated the importance of magnesium in infectious diseases, including COVID-19. In this book, we also report some important findings regarding other microelements, such as iron and sodium or potassium, extremely important in older people. Related Books Magnesium in Human Health and Disease Biology & Life Sciences Magnesium Intake and Human Health Public Health & Healthcare Effects of Mineral El

Reprint of the Special Issue ‘Water Supply System Reliability, Resilience, Safety and Risk Modelling & Assessment, 3rd Edition’ (Water, ISSN 2073-4441). This Reprint gathers peer-reviewed papers on reliability, resilience, safety and risk assessment in water supply systems and related water infrastructure. It reflects the growing role of artificial intelligence, machine learning, transfer learning, cybersecurity, leak detection, water-loss analysis, pipe-break consequence assessment, groundwater vulnerability, water treatment plant reliability, financial impacts of boil-water advisories and hydrochemical data interpretation. The collected studies combine analytical, modelling, data-driven and case-study approaches to support more resilient, safe, cyber-aware and sustainable planning and operation of water systems under technical, environmental and socio-economic pressures.

This Special Issue of Cancers brings together a diverse collection of studies focused on the evolving understanding of quality of life (QoL) in cancer care. As survival rates continue to improve, the attention of oncology research and clinical practice is increasingly shifting toward the lived experiences of patients—how they function, cope, and thrive throughout and beyond treatment. The articles explore QoL from multiple angles: long-term trajectories among breast cancer survivors, the impact of chronic myeloid leukemia on occupational participation, and the validation of a sarcoma-specific patient-reported outcome measure. Several contributions investigate how cancer therapies—such as immunotherapy, chemotherapy, and opioids—affect not only clinical outcomes but also physical functioning, sensory perception, and psychological time orientation. Particular attention is given to vulnerable groups, including older adults undergoing immunotherapy and adolescents and young adults with rare, indolent metastatic sarcomas. Collectively, this Special Issue underscores that quality of life is not a secondary endpoint but a central dimension of cancer care. By integrating clinical, psychosocial, and biological perspectives, the articles highlight the importance of personalized approaches that preserve dignity, functionality, and patient autonomy across the cancer continuum.

This Special Issue titled "Magnetic, Dielectric, Electrical, Optical and Thermal Properties of Crystalline Materials" is devoted to a general overview of the subject of crystalline materials and may extend to the nanocrystalline field. The articles related to the composition selection, the processing conditions optimization, and the structural and functional response. Thus, it includes synthesis, characterization, and application studies. Regarding the properties, their structure and mechanical, magnetic, dielectric, optical, and thermal properties investigations are the focus of interest.

Many food components (such as phytochemicals, carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, etc.) have been found to have various biological activities. Based on dietary intake and the availability of nutrients in the intestine, human gut microbiota can produce harmful metabolites that cause human diseases or beneficial compounds that prevent host diseases. Abnormal gut microbiota can produce endotoxins, exacerbating chronic inflammation and metabolic disorders. Moreover, gut microbiota is crucial for maintaining metabolism and health, and dysbiosis plays a crucial role in the occurrence and development of various diseases. Therefore, a promising strategy to help manage colon and host health is to regulate the composition of the gut microbiota by eating biologically active food ingredients. Bioactive ingredients obtained from dietary sources can be designed and characterized to meet human nutritional and immune needs and balance gut microbiota. To maximize knowledge on the healt

This reprint includes 22 research papers and an editorial, collected from the Special Issue "Modelling, Monitoring, Control and Optimization for Complex Industrial Processes", highlighting recent research advances and emerging research directions in complex industrial processes. This reprint aims to promote the research field and benefit the readers from both academic communities and industrial sectors. Related Books Advances in Condition Monitoring, Optimization and Control for Complex Industrial Processes Biology & Life Sciences ... Data-Driven Intelligent Modeling and Optimization Algorithms for Industrial Processes Engineering Control, Optimization, and Mathematical Modeling of Complex Systems Computer Science & Mathematics ... Data-Driven Intelligent Modeling and Optimization Algorithms for Industrial Processes Computer Science & Mathematics Industrial Process Operation State Sensing and Performance Optimization Engineering The recommendations have been generated using an AI s

In this book, we propose a collection of scientific and review articles on the production of hydrogen. The articles focus on the controlled storage and release of hydrogen; on the production of hydrogen from reforming from renewable sources, water splitting, and biological and photonic methods; on the intensification of the water gas shift process; and on the integration with purification methods such as pressure swing adsorption. Related Books Catalytic Reforming and Hydrogen Production Engineering Catalytic Hydrogen Generation and Use for Production of Fuels Chemistry & Materials Science ... Catalysis for the Production of Sustainable Fuels and Chemicals Chemistry & Materials Science ... Innovative Catalytic Materials for Environmental Remediation and Energy Applications Engineering Towards Green, Enhanced Photocatalysts for Hydrogen Evolution Chemistry & Materials Science The recommendations have been generated using an AI system. About: About MDPI Books Advisory Board Legal

This book focuses on recent advances in plasma technology and its application to metals, alloys, and related materials. Surface modifications, material syntheses, cutting and surface coatings are performed using low-pressure plasma or atmospheric-pressure plasma. The contributions of this book include the discussion of a wide scope of plasma technologies applied to materials. Plasma is a versatile tool that can be applied in many types of material processing. New material processing applications of plasmas and new plasma technologies are being developed rapidly. We hope that this book can contribute new knowledge to the plasma material research society. Related Books Plasma: From Materials to Emerging Technologies Chemistry & Materials Science ... Recent Advances in Atmospheric-Pressure Plasma Technology Medicine & Pharmacology ... Plasma based Synthesis and Modification of Nanomaterials Medicine & Pharmacology ... Frontiers in Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Technology Physical Sciences

The maritime sector is undergoing a major transformation driven by stringent environmental regulations and IMO decarbonization targets. As shipping accounts for over 80\% of global trade and a significant share of greenhouse gas emissions, the development of efficient and low-emission propulsion systems is a critical priority. This Special Issue, “Novelties in Marine Propulsion”, presents eight contributions that capture recent advances in CFD-based analysis, system-level propulsion design, and other emerging innovative concepts. These papers highlight the growing role of high-fidelity numerical methods in predicting complex hydrodynamic phenomena and enabling the efficient virtual prototyping of modern propulsion systems. A key theme of this collection is the shift from component optimization to integrated propulsion system design, where interactions between propulsors, hulls, and flow fields are explicitly considered. Alongside these developments, the authors also explore novel propulsion ideas inspired by fluid dynamics, as well as the integration of alternative energy systems such as hydrogen fuel cells. Finally, data-driven approaches and digital optimization strategies underline the increasing importance of operational intelligence in achieving real-world efficiency gains. Together, these contributions reflect a rapidly evolving field, where sustainability, advanced simulation, and innovative propulsion concepts converge to shape the future of marine transport.

“Racial Injustice, Violence, and Resistance: New Approaches from Multidimensional Perspectives” explores the emerging trends and countertrends in social justice and grassroots resilience, particularly in Latin America and Brazil. Growing job market insecurity and the disintegration of social protection mechanisms have contributed to the worldwide social crisis, which the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has exacerbated. These trends have sparked a troubling resurgence of racist and xenophobic ideologies following the abandonment of policies for immigrant reception and regularization and efforts to reduce class, gender, and racial inequalities. Simultaneously, the current reality features an absence of effective global governance mechanisms to tackle the massive wave of human displacement, which fuels far-right-wing nativism and targeted violence against immigrants. The ultimate consequence is a worldwide crisis of the democratic regime and the erosion of collective governance mechanisms. While the various issues addressed in this publication are diverse, the collective contribution included in this Special Edition demonstrates a notable coherence, encompassing a diverse spectrum of emerging research and policy recommendations from scholars in nine countries across three continents. This publication also addresses global resistance, highlighting the “periphery’s potency” as embodied in grassroots agency and various forms of resistance emerging worldwide, as well as strategies to promote socioeconomic and racial justice.

The aim of this special issue is to help readers, students, engineers, researchers in academia and in industry, and decision makers in the fields of autonomous vehicles and transportation to identify some of the most active and promising research directions in the last three years to improve their navigation and control in cities and other challenging environments using new technologies and solutions. This special issue, therefore, covers some of the latest advances in sensor fusion for vehicle navigation, safe and efficient path planning algorithms from advanced graph-based methods to machine learning and advanced topics such as the collaborative navigation and control of connected and increasingly autonomous vehicles. The advances in the control and power technologies for electric vehicles are also covered, as well as the human–machine interaction factors in vehicle navigation and control for different levels of vehicle autonomy.

The purpose of this Special Issue is to pay tribute to the significant contributions made by Professor Feng Qi in these fields and to provide some important recent advances in theory, methods, and applications. Related Books Symmetry in the Mathematical Inequalities Computer Science & Mathematics Inequalities Computer Science & Mathematics Special Issue in Honor of the 60th Birthday of Professor Hong-Kun Xu Computer Science & Mathematics Inequalities in Geometry and Applications Computer Science & Mathematics Fractional Differential Equations, Inclusions and Inequalities with Applications II Computer Science & Mathematics The recommendations have been generated using an AI system. About: About MDPI Books Advisory Board Legal Information: MDPI Privacy Policy Terms and Conditions Terms of Use Accessibility Sales: Order and Delivery Indexing and Distribution Further Information: Book Series Reprints Book/Chapter Processing Charges Pay an Invoice Open Access Policy Obtaining an

Globally, the impact of differentiated thyroid cancers has significantly increased in the last decade, resulting in growth of public health spending. Many international scientific societies are actively involved in the difficult process of building updated guidelines in response to scientific research, especially in the genetic and immunohistochemistry fields. The watch, wait, and see policy has added a new possibility for patients in selected cases. Considering the recognized international interest in this disease, this Special Issue aims to analyze the most recent acquisitions in terms of the diagnosis and therapy of differentiated thyroid cancer. It will offer the reader an updated point of view of the most illustrious endocrinology and endocrine-surgery international schools. Related Books An Update on Mechanisms and Treatments for Thyroid Cancer in Current Oncology Biology & Life Sciences ... Advances in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Thyroid Carcinoma Medicine & Pharmacolog

Cement and lime currently are the most common binders in building materials. However, alternative materials and methods are needed to overcome the functional limitations and environmental footprint of conventional products. This Special Issue dedicated to “New frontiers in cementitious and lime-based materials and composites” gathers selected reviews and experimental articles that showcase the most recent trends in this multidisciplinary field. Authoritative contributions from all around the world provide important insights into all areas of research related to cementitious and lime-based materials and composites, spanning from structural engineering to geotechnics, including materials science and processing technology. This Topical Collection is intended to foster innovation and help researchers and developers to identify new solutions for a more sustainable and functional built environment. Related Books Advances in Cement Composite Materials Engineering Cement-Based Composites Ch