Perpustakaan Digital

In human social development, the consumption of fossil energy, especially coal, has promoted economic prosperity, cultural exchanges, and social progress. With shallow coal resources exhausted, coal mining engineering has entered deep areas.  The coal geology environment of the deep area differs from that of the shallow. With mining depth increasing, all the stress of buried rock stratum and surrounding rock and gas pressure of coal seam increase gradually. In addition, geological structures, such as complex faults, big folds, and thick-hard roofs, will increase the risk of coal mining. Once the dynamic disaster occurs, it will induce miner casualties and property losses. So, it is urgent to identify mine hazards, such as coal and gas outbursts, rock bursts, gas explosions, and coal fires, and research their formation mechanism, occurrence, and development process. Furthermore, prevention and control methods should be proposed to reduce mine disasters. Only in this way can we promote

Metal 3D printing, as an advanced forming, can manufacture parts directly from digital model by using layer by layer material build-up approach. This manufacturing method can prepare complex shape metal parts in short time, with and high precision. Three-dimensional printing processes can be classified into two major groups: Powder Bed Fusion-based technologies and Directed Energy Deposition. Three-dimensional printing features freedom of part complexity, part design, and light-weighting for aerospace, automobile, and other industries application. The Global Metal 3D Printing Market is mainly driven by the the fast developing of aerospace and automobile industry. The Global Metal 3D Printing Market size was valued at USD 534.18 Million in 2020 and is projected to reach USD 4458.76 Million by 2028, growing at a CAGR of 30.38\% from 2021 to 2028. Related Books 3D Printing of Metals Chemistry & Materials Science ... Metal Additive Manufacturing — State of the Art 2020 Engineering 3D Pri

This addresses current advances and challenges in fisheries and aquaculture science. Exposure of larval fish to elevated temperatures during embryological development may induce craniofacial and morphological alterations, which are suggested possible impacts of global warming. Molecular markers shed new light on the ontogenetic migration of stream fishes. Fast growth rates, early age at maturity, moderate fecundity, and diverse diet explain the potential for introduced fishes to dominate fish communities in their native and introduced range. Taking videos of marine benthic habitats supports low-impact, real-time monitoring of species occurrence. Among heavily fished species, almost half had outdated demographic assessments that would benefit from the integration of data from fisheries sources and improved collaboration among fishery stakeholders and managers. The continued growth of aquaculture will depend upon developing feeds that improve the growth, oxidative status, and immune re

This book focuses on new sensing technologies, measurement techniques, and their applications in medicine and healthcare. Specifically, the book briefly describes the potential of smart sensors in the aforementioned applications, collecting 24 articles selected and published in the Special Issue “Smart Sensors for Healthcare and Medical Applications”. We proposed this topic, being aware of the pivotal role that smart sensors can play in the improvement of healthcare services in both acute and chronic conditions as well as in prevention for a healthy life and active aging. The articles selected in this book cover a variety of topics related to the design, validation, and application of smart sensors to healthcare. Related Books Data Analytics and Applications of the Wearable Sensors in Healthcare Biology & Life Sciences ... Sensing and Signal Processing in Smart Healthcare Engineering Wearable Sensors for Human Health Monitoring and Analysis Engineering Wearable and Nearable Biosenso

This Special Issue on “Catalysts for Syngas Production”, included in the Catalysts open access journal, shows new research about the development of catalysts and catalytic routes for syngas production, and the optimization of the reaction conditions for the process. This issue includes ten articles about the different innovative processes for syngas production. Synthesis gas (or syngas) is a mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide, with different chemical composition and H2/CO molar ratios, depending on the feedstock and production technology used. Syngas may be obtained from alternative sources to oil, such as natural gas, coal, biomass, organic wastes, etc. Syngas is a very good intermediate for the production of high value compounds at the industrial scale, such as hydrogen, methanol, liquid fuels, and a wide range of chemicals. Accordingly, efforts should be made on the co-feeding of CO2 with syngas, as an alternative for reducing greenhouse gas emissions. In addition, more syngas

This Reprint brings together feature articles on obesity and weight loss treatments, with a multidisciplinary focus on clinical nutrition, public health and emerging technologies. It covers obesity as a complex chronic condition linked to metabolic, cardiovascular and psychosocial outcomes, and examines weight loss strategies from historical, cultural, anthropometric, biomarker-based and molecular perspectives. The contributions address slimming diets, body composition changes, nutrigenomics, the microbiome, gene–environment interactions, and the role of digital tools such as mobile applications, wearable devices and other innovative technologies. By combining reviews and original research, the Reprint provides an updated overview for researchers, clinicians and health professionals interested in safe, evidence-based and personalized approaches to obesity care.

This Special Issue was inspired by the 11th International Workshop on Numerical and Evolutionary Optimization (NEO 2024), held from 3 to 6 September 2024 in Mexico City, Mexico, and hosted by Cinvestav. Solving real-world scientific and engineering problems has always been a challenge, and the complexity of these tasks has increased in recent years as more sources of data and information have been continuously developed. Thus, the design and analysis of powerful search and optimization techniques is of great importance. Two well-established fields that focus on this task are (i) traditional numerical optimization techniques and (ii) bio-inspired metaheuristic methods. Both of these general approaches have unique strengths and weaknesses, allowing researchers to solve certain challenging problems while failing to solve others. The goal of the NEO workshop series is to gather experts from both fields to discuss, compare, and merge these complementary perspectives. Collaborative work allows researchers to maximize the strengths and minimize the weaknesses of both paradigms. NEO also intends to help researchers in these fields to understand and tackle real-world problems like pattern recognition, routing, energy, lines of production, prediction, and modeling, among others.

The aim of this reprint is to introduce the reader to the latest technological achievements in power transmission and control. Power transmission and control include the conversion, transmission, and distribution of power and motion control; it is a key technology and design theory of vehicle machines, such as automobile and construction machinery, airplanes, and ships. The specific implementation of power transmission and control can be achieved through hydraulic, pneumatic, electro-hydraulic, electro-pneumatic, hydrodynamic, hydrodynamic, or electromechanical transmission methods. Power transmission and control have also been widely used in power engineering, such as in wind power generation systems, hydroelectric power systems, solar power systems, compressed air energy storage systems, hybrid energy vehicles, and hydrogen energy vehicles. By using advanced control strategies and optimization methods, the performance of power transmission and control systems in power and vehicle machinery can be significantly improved. This Special Issue reports the related new theories and technological achievements in fluid power transmission and control in power and vehicle machinery from 2017 to 2018; in total, 2 review papers and 16 research articles were published in Applied Sciences.

Recently, the construction industry has shown great interest in the use of a variety of industrial by-products and waste, as well as used consumer products.  The Special Issue "Recycled Materials for Concrete and Other Composites" presents the results of the latest research on the synthesis of composite materials produced using various types of waste materials, in particular, mortars and concretes, and their physicochemical and mechanical properties. The topics of the published articles also cover a number of other aspects, including the efficiency of the production of composite materials containing waste materials, their resistance to corrosion, the interactions of wastes and plasticizers, and the leaching of metal ions from the produced composites. Both interesting and practical solutions and the results of laboratory tests are presented. The published research clearly shows that the use of waste and recycled materials for the production of composite materials is a key element in r

This Reprint Book provides recent studies addressing encapsulation systems for active compounds (e.g., drugs and food ingredients) to improve the quality of life around the world. The content may be helpful for the colleagues and students working on encapsulation of active compounds. Related Books Function of Polymers in Encapsulation Process Chemistry & Materials Science Polymer Materials for Drug Delivery and Tissue Engineering Engineering Polymers Enhancing Bioavailability in Drug Delivery, 2nd Edition Chemistry & Materials Science Bioactive Formulations in Agri-Food-Pharma: Source and Applications, Volume II Engineering Characterization and Encapsulation of Natural Antioxidants: Interaction, Protection and Delivery Chemistry & Materials Science ... The recommendations have been generated using an AI system. About: About MDPI Books Advisory Board Legal Information: MDPI Privacy Policy Terms and Conditions Terms of Use Accessibility Sales: Order and Delivery Indexing and Di

The health benefits of food, plants, fruits, and seaweeds stem from the biological activities of their constituents—namely, secondary metabolites. The study of secondary metabolites and their potential to treat and/or prevent a number of diseases has become a research topic of growing interest for biologists, pharmacists, and chemists. Notably, in order to propose a compound as a potential new drug with pharmacological effects, the chemical structure of this compound and its biological activity against a given target must be well established. The Special Issue, “Isolation and Identification of Bioactive Secondary Metabolites”, considers species beyond their nutritional value and identifies instances of wider and more efficient use, thereby contributing to a more sustainable management of natural resources. The fifteen articles published in this Special Issue reflect the latest research trends, and consider the isolation, identification, and assessment of the beneficial effects of s

Metal ions are fundamental elements for the maintenance of the lifespan of plants, animals and humans. Their substantial role in biological systems was recognized a long time ago. They are essential for the maintenance of life and their absence can cause growth disorders, severe malfunction, carcinogenesis or death. They are protagonists as macro- or microelements in several structural and functional roles, participating in many bio-chemical reactions, and arise in several forms. They participate in intra- and intercellular communications, in maintaining electrical charges and osmotic pressure, in photosynthesis and electron transfer processes, in the maintenance of pairing, stacking and the stability of nucleotide bases and also in the regulation of DNA transcription. They contribute to the proper functioning of nerve cells, muscle cells, the brain and the heart, the transport of oxygen and to many other biological processes up to the point that we cannot even imagine a life without

Climate change remains a major challenge for global horticulture, affecting orchard productivity, fruit quality, resource use efficiency, and the sustainability of fruit production systems. Rising temperatures, altered rainfall patterns, droughts, heat waves, frosts, and other extreme weather events influence crop phenology, fruit development, water requirements, and pest and disease dynamics, requiring significant adaptations in orchard management. To enhance resilience under changing environmental conditions, researchers and growers are developing innovative strategies, including improved irrigation management, precision horticulture, optimized canopy architecture, climate-adapted cultivars and rootstocks, and advanced monitoring technologies.The reprint of the Special Issue Orchard Management Under Climate Change: 2nd Edition presents recent advances in climate adaptation for fruit production systems. The published papers cover topics such as irrigation management, physiological responses to abiotic stress, nutritional diagnosis, crop phenology, rootstock selection, precision horticulture, and the expansion of fruit crops into new production regions. Together, these contributions provide valuable knowledge to support the development of resilient and sustainable orchard systems under future climate scenarios.

Zeolites, with their unique microporous crystalline structures, high surface areas, and tunable acidity, have long been pillars of heterogeneous catalysis. Their well-defined pore systems grant them exceptional shape-selectivity, enabling precise control over reaction pathways that is unparalleled by other catalytic materials. Traditionally, zeolites have been indispensable in major industrial processes such as fluid catalytic cracking (FCC), hydrocracking, and petrochemical production, forming the backbone of the modern refining and chemical industries. Today, the role of zeolites is rapidly expanding beyond these traditional boundaries, driven by global demands for sustainability and green chemistry. In the realm of energy, they are crucial for the production of biofuels and in emerging hydrogen storage technologies. In environmental protection, zeolites serve as robust catalysts for the removal of NOx from exhaust gases (SCR), the oxidation of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and advanced water purification. Furthermore, their application in the synthesis of fine chemicals and renewable platform molecules highlights their versatility.

The purpose of this reprint is to furnish readers with the most recent advancements in wood and bamboo processing applications. The reprint covers a wide range of topics, from the preservation of archaeological wood and the mechanisms behind the formation of wood and bamboo properties to biomimetic applications and methods for enhancing the performance and composite uses of bamboo and wood materials. These contents highlight the vibrant and pioneering research areas associated with wood and bamboo. In this reprint, leading experts in the field share their research findings, results, and future visions, offering fresh perspectives for the innovative and efficient utilization of wood and bamboo. Through these contributions, we aim to enhance our understanding of the sustainable applications of wood and bamboo materials, fostering harmonious development that meets human material needs while ensuring the sustainable use of Earth's resources, thereby enabling humans and nature to coexist in harmony.

The Special Issue “Recycled Materials in Civil Engineering Application" aims to discuss the preparation and characterization of new ecologically friendly materials containing recycled materials or waste that could be used in specific engineering applications. Using waste and materials obtained through recycling is a key part of decreasing current waste. In concrete and other composite materials, recycled materials such as plastics, steel and other metals, ash, glass, ceramics, and industrial wastes see the most use. The application of recycled materials or waste to the production of new materials is consistent with the idea of sustainable construction. Using recycled materials to synthesize composite materials saves the use of natural resources and has a positive influence on environmental protection. Unfortunately, the production of composite materials containing waste, by-products, or recycled materials requires a substantial amount of research, and is a very relevant issue for mat

Psychiatric disorders in children and adolescents are relevant both in terms of their prevalence (they are roughly estimated to affect about 20\% of school-aged children and adolescents) and of their impact on the quality of life of the child/adolescent and their family, but also on the society as a whole. Disorders affecting children and adolescents are increasingly seen as having highly specific features, and, therefore, require an equally specific approach despite the coexisting need to integrate contributions from other professions (e.g., pediatricians, psychiatrists, psychologists, and therapists of different sorts). However, the available data are still insufficient, especially for treatment options and too often therapeutic choices are still made based on studies conducted in adults. Even more important, the existence itself of some disorders is questioned especially outside the scientific field (e.g., ADHD). This Special Issue provided cutting edge data on different aspects of

Unhealthy food intake and insufficient physical activities are related to obesity or lifestyle diseases, which can cause cardiovascular diseases, ultimately leading to death. However, many people are not aware of the importance of these factors, especially before cardiovascular development, although there are several good food habits that can be adopted. After the development of obesity or lifestyle diseases, nutrition and exercise control with appropriate medical therapies are required. Still, many patients do not recognize the importance of these habits. After cardiovascular disease development, nutrition and exercise with optimal medical and/or interventional therapies are required. However, some patients are not able to control their food intake and physical activities. At the advanced stage of heart failure, many things are restricted, including food intake and quality of life issues. At the end of life, nutritional care should be discussed. This book, Nutrition, Exercise, and E

This book focuses on the analysis, design and implementation of future smart grid systems. This book contains eleven chapters, which were originally published after rigorous peer-review as a Special Issue in the International Journal of Energies (Basel). The chapters cover a range of work from authors across the globe and present both the state-of-the-art and emerging paradigms across a range of topics including sustainability planning, regulations and policy, estimation and situational awareness, energy forecasting, control and optimization and decentralisation. This book will be of interest to researchers, practitioners and scholars working in areas related to future smart grid systems. Related Books The Future of Energy Systems Engineering Emerging and Advanced Green Energy Technologies for Sustainable and Resilient Future Grid Engineering Methods and Concepts for Designing and Validating Smart Grid Systems Engineering Smart Energy Management for Smart Grids Engineering Advanced

The articles presented in this Special Issue seek to answer one of the defining questions of our time: what does it mean to be social, to belong, and to seek recognition in an age of pervasive digital connectivity? This question acquires particular urgency and texture when asked from the vantage point of Africa. Across the continent, digital and mobile technologies have proliferated at a remarkable speed, reshaping how people communicate, organise, socialise, mourn, laugh, protest, and imagine futures. Yet the terms on which this transformation is theorised—and by whom—remain contested. This Special Issue is an attempt to shift that conversation, to insist that Africa is not merely a site where global digital trends play out, but a place where digitality itself is being remade. African countries and citizens face a rapidly changing digital environment and a rapidly changing socio-political environment in which the structures, hierarchies, and exclusions inherited from colonial and apartheid histories persist, even as formal political independence has been achieved. Against this layered, contested terrain, what do digital affordances make possible? And how are mobile and social media being used not merely to communicate, but to constitute new forms of selfhood, community, and political association?

Invasive plant species pose significant challenges to biodiversity, ecosystem stability, and economic sustainability, such as disrupting native flora, altering soil chemistry, and creating ecological imbalances. However, recent research highlights the potential of these species as resources. Their secondary metabolites, allelopathic properties, and adaptability offer avenues for novel applications, particularly in phytopharmacy, energy production, and agriculture. This Reprint presents key advancements in both the control and utilization of invasive plant species, exploring their chemical properties, ecological impact, potential applications, and alternative management strategies.

Global warming and climate change have become serious environmental threats in the last decade. Air pollution due to the rapid development of modernization and urbanization is a major cause of environmental deterioration. The emission of sulfur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen oxides (NOx), for instance, can be directly linked to the evolution of acid rain. Greenhouse gases, including carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and NOx, are the main drivers of global warming. Thus, the continuous monitoring and control of such pollutants are imperative to prevent environmental disasters. This fact has prompted efforts to find new and user-friendly techniques for the detection of gases hazardous to the environment and human health, which has led to the development of key technologies for the rapid, selective, sensitive, and efficient detection of gases, chemical vapors, and explosives. Given the boom of the Internet of Things (IoT), the next generation of gas sensors is expected to be massively deployed in dense network systems with low costs, low power consumption, and long-term stability. In addition, to achieve continuous monitoring, gas sensors may also need to demonstrate a high tolerance to environmental variables such as temperature, humidity, and pressure. This Special Issue provides a collection of papers (both reviews and articles) revealing the current state of the research on gas sensors based on various materials and outlook for the gas sensors in environmental monitoring.

Active flow control (AFC) utilizes local active perturbations to induce changes in global flow behavior that result in aero/hydrodynamic performance improvement. It has been a vibrant research area with potential applications in a wide range of engineering fields. This Special Issue is a collection of 11 excellent research papers published in Actuators, showcasing and discussing new advances in both fundamental and applied AFC technologies. Related Books Active Flow Control Engineering Flow Control, Active and Passive Applications Engineering Smart Flow Control Processes in Micro Scale Engineering Smart Flow Control Processes in Micro Scale Engineering Thermal Fluid Dynamics and Control in Aerospace Engineering The recommendations have been generated using an AI system. About: About MDPI Books Advisory Board Legal Information: MDPI Privacy Policy Terms and Conditions Terms of Use Accessibility Sales: Order and Delivery Indexing and Distribution Further Information: Book Ser

Dry pasta is one of the most popular staple foods worldwide due to its convenience in terms of affordability, versatility, long shelf life, as well as sensory and nutritional value. As such, it represents a suitable carrier for health-promoting substances providing specific physiological functions. This Special Issue deals with the continuum aspects, “from seed to fork”, that could have an impact on the nutritional, sensory, and technological aspects of pasta. In this Special Issue, we aimed to publish innovative research and review papers on physico-chemical and sensorial characteristics, nutritional value, functional and technological properties of pasta, and pasta-making processes. New raw materials, new functional ingredients, up-cycling of waste materials, in vivo experiments to test the effect of assumption of the supplemented pasta, and innovative packaging systems will also be addressed in this Special Issue. Predictions of pasta quality adopting chemometrics as well as multi