Perpustakaan Digital

With the development of modern society, environmental pollution and energy shortages have become the focus of attention worldwide. Most of the global energy supplies are generated from fossil fuel, which gives rise to environmental pollution and climate change. Photocatalysis technology, which can directly convert solar energy into high value-added fuel and chemical materials or degrade a wide range of organic pollutants into easily degradable intermediates or less toxic small molecular substances, is regarded as one of the most important ways to solve the global energy shortage and environmental pollution problem. This Special Issue focuses on advanced photocatalytic materials, including but not limited to photocatalytic materials for the treatment of indoor air, photocatalytic bacterial inactivation, photocatalytic hydrogen evolution, photocatalytic oxygen evolution, photocatalytic CO2 reduction, photocatalytic hazardous pollutant removal, the photothermal decomposition of pollutan

The Special Issue “Elastomers: From Theory to Applications” focuses on the current state of the art of elastomers, both in modern developments of rubber-like compositions and applications and from a theoretical perspective. The series of 13 publications offer the latest results in several specific sub-areas of elastomer research or review selected fields and concepts. Of particular interest are new structures and functionalities incorporated into elastomers, leading to the enhanced properties of crosslinked elastomeric materials for several applications, and/or to a better understanding of the structure‒property relationships and practical behaviour. Related Books Advances in Elastomers Chemistry & Materials Science ... Advances in Functional Rubber and Elastomer Composites Chemistry & Materials Science Synthesis, Properties, and Applications of Novel Polymer-Based Gels Medicine & Pharmacology ... Theoretical and Computational Polymers Science Biology & Life Sciences ... Functional

This reprint includes contributions from leaders in the field of personalized medicine in ophthalmology. The contributions are diverse and cover pre-clinical and clinical topics. We hope you enjoy reading the articles. Related Books Retinal Diseases Biology & Life Sciences Molecular Research and Recent Advances in Diabetic Retinopathy Medicine & Pharmacology Diagnosis, Treatment and Prevention of Age-Related Macular Degeneration Biology & Life Sciences Advanced Research in Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD) Biology & Life Sciences ... Vitreoretinal Disease Medicine & Pharmacology The recommendations have been generated using an AI system. About: About MDPI Books Advisory Board Legal Information: MDPI Privacy Policy Terms and Conditions Terms of Use Accessibility Sales: Order and Delivery Indexing and Distribution Further Information: Book Series Reprints Book/Chapter Processing Charges Pay an Invoice Open Access Policy Obtaining an ISBN For Librarians MDPI Initiatives:

The book highlights recent research efforts in the monitoring of aquatic districts with remote sensing observations and proximal sensing technology integrated with laboratory measurements. Optical satellite imagery gathered at spatial resolutions down to few meters has been used for quantitative estimations of harmful algal bloom extent and Chl-a mapping, as well as winds and currents from SAR acquisitions. The knowledge and understanding gained from this book can be used for the sustainable management of bodies of water across our planet. Related Books Remote Sensing of the Oceans Environmental & Earth Sciences ... Satellite Remote Sensing for Ocean and Coastal Environment Monitoring Environmental & Earth Sciences Advances in Remote Sensing of the Inland and Coastal Water Zones Environmental & Earth Sciences ... Remote Sensing for Coastal and Aquatic Ecosystems’ Monitoring and Biodiversity Management Environmental & Earth Sciences Remote Sensing Retrievals of Optical Properties in In

Nature has evolved sequence-controlled polymers, such as DNA and proteins, over its long history. The recent progress of synthetic chemistry, DNA recombinant technology, and computational science, as well as the elucidation of molecular mechanisms in biological processes, drive us to design ingenious polymers that are inspired by naturally occurring polymers, but surpass them in specialized functions. The term “designer biopolymers” refers to polymers which consist of biological building units, such as nucleotides, amino acids, and monosaccharides, in a sequence-controlled manner. This book particularly focuses on the self-assembling aspect of designer biopolymers. Self-assembly is one common feature in biopolymers that is used to realize their dynamic biological activities and is strictly controlled by the sequence of biopolymers. In a broad sense, the self-assembly of biopolymers includes a double-helix formation of DNA, protein folding, and higher-order protein assembly (e.g., vir

The present reprint contains the 11 articles accepted and published in the Special Issue “Applied Probability and Statistical Inference in Reliability Engineering, 2025” of the MDPI Mathematics journal, which cover a wide range of topics connected to recent methodological developments and emerging applications at the intersection of probabilistic modeling and reliability analysis. These topics include, among others, advanced probabilistic and distributional modeling for nonstandard data (including censoring, skewness, dependence, and imprecision), as well as statistical estimation and inference methods in reliability analysis. It further addresses system reliability, stochastic processes (including renewal and aging phenomena), stochastic ordering, data-driven approaches, and the integration of reliability modeling with maintenance optimization and decision-making. It is hoped that this reprint will be of interest and value to researchers working in Applied Probability and Statistical Inference in Reliability Engineering, as well as to readers with a solid mathematical background who wish to become acquainted with recent advances in probabilistic modeling, statistical methodology and their applications in reliability analysis across diverse domains.

A Special Issue of Metals, entitled “Metal Crystal/Polycrystal Plastic Strain Hardening”, was initiated in 2022 by the late Professor Ronald W. Armstrong to advance the current state of the art. In its final form (2025), this issue comprises ten published works: a closing Editorial article, an initial Editorial article, six regular research papers, one research communication, and one review article. This Reprint collates all ten contributions. These works collectively enhance our current understanding of the effects of dislocations, microstructures, chemistry, and loading conditions on the mechanics and thermodynamics of metals across a range of length and time scales. The diverse content of this Reprint should be of interest to researchers in the fields of engineering mechanics, materials science, and metallurgy.

This reprint focuses on new paradigms of aquaculture to make this critical production sector more sustainable. Aquaculture can benefit from rearing low-trophic species and developing integrated multi-spatial, multi-niche, or multi-trophic aquaculture systems. In this reprint, experts share their experiences and insights on various methods to achieve this shift, which promotes a more sustainable, conservative, and restorative production process. Additionally, these approaches align aquaculture development with the circular economy model, helping to contribute to the Sustainable Development Goals outlined in Agenda 2030.

The reprint, titled ”Sustainable Biopolymer-Based Composites: Processing, Characterization, and Application”, is composed of 32 scientific works of scholars that contributed their own expertise passion, and science to expand the boundaries of knowledge by addressing new challenges. The topic of new biopolymer-based composite materials is addressed from several aspects, from the development to characterization and application, in several fields of scientific interest. Related Books Advances in Bio-Based and Biodegradable Polymeric Composites Chemistry & Materials Science Synthesis and Applications of Biopolymer Composites Chemistry & Materials Science Biopolymers and Biodegradable Polymers Chemistry & Materials Science Development and Application of Bio-Based Polymers Chemistry & Materials Science Development of Bio-Based Materials: Synthesis, Characterization and Applications Chemistry & Materials Science The recommendations have been generated using an AI system. About: About MD

The field of radiopharmaceuticals is constantly evolving thanks to the great contributions of specialists coming from different disciplines such as inorganic chemistry, radiochemistry, organic and biochemistry, pharmacology, nuclear medicine, physics, etc. In particular, the use of radiometals has experienced a great increase as a result of the development of radionuclides production technologies. In this particular area, inorganic chemistry skills are mainly involved in developing target-specific radiopharmaceuticals based on radiometals for non-invasive disease detection and cancer radiotherapy.The Special Issue “Metal-Based Radiopharmaceuticals in Inorganic Chemistry” includes eleven research articles and one review. The production and applications of conventional and newly emerging research radiometals for diagnosis, therapy, and theranostics are the main focus of this Special Issue. Related Books Radiopharmaceuticals Chemistry & Materials Science Radiolabeled Compounds for Diag

Energy metabolism at whole-body, cellular, and even organelle, i.e., mitochondrial, levels requires adequate regulation in order to maintain or improve (metabolic) health. In eukaryotic cells, mitochondria are key players in energy (ATP) production via oxidative phosphorylation. Both macro- and micronutrients potentially influence energy metabolism and mitochondrial functioning, either as substrates for (oxidative) catabolism or as essential constituents of enzymes or protein complexes involved in (mitochondrial) energy metabolism. This book contains a valuable collection of empirical preclinical and human studies to assist in the development of understanding and progress this area of research on improving health and, more specifically, metabolic health. Related Books Mitochondrial Metabolism Alterations in Health and Disease Biology & Life Sciences ... Mitochondria in Health and Diseases Biology & Life Sciences ... Dietary Habits and Metabolic Health Biology & Life Sciences ... Die

Participation, defined as involvement in life situations, is important for children’s health and development. This Special Issue advances the knowledge about participation interventions and outcomes for children with disabilities in different settings and includes the perspectives of clinicians, families, and children. This is a collection of research from across the globe that advances knowledge in the following areas: - Participation interventions; - Measurement/assessment of participation outcomes; - Participation of special populations (i.e., ABI, ADHD, and ASD); and - Impact of participation on health and well being. Related Books Shifting the Therapeutic Paradigm for Children with Neuromotor Disabilities to Maximizing Development Public Health & Healthcare ... Health Promotion in Children and Adolescents through Sport and Physical Activities Public Health & Healthcare ... Children and Adolescents with Neurodevelopmental Disabilities Public Health & Healthcare Children’s Well-Bei

Trapped charge dating is a commonly used chronological tool in Earth Sciences and Archaeology. The two principle methods are luminescence dating and electron spin resonance. Both are based on stored energy produced by the absorption of natural radioactivity in common minerals such as quartz and feldspars, and in some biological materials such as tooth enamel. Methodological developments in the last 20 years have substantially increased the accuracy and precision of these methods. This compilation offers a taste of the recent research into both method and applications. Related Books Multi-Method (Geo-) Thermochronology and Trace Elements Tracing Magmatism, Mineralization and Tectonic Evolution Environmental & Earth Sciences It's All a Matter of Time Environmental & Earth Sciences Detrital Mineral U/Pb Age Dating and Geochemistry of Magmatic Products in Basin Sequences Environmental & Earth Sciences Tracer and Timescale Methods for Passive and Reactive Transport in Fluid Flows Biology

This Reprint of the Special Issue brings together current research examining how the COVID-19 pandemic and other stressful or traumatic events have influenced body weight, eating behaviors, and psychological well-being across diverse groups. The collected studies highlight the role of lifestyle factors—such as diet quality, physical activity, smoking, and vitamin D use—in shaping vulnerability to COVID-19, while also documenting the profound behavioral and emotional shifts triggered by lockdowns and social restrictions. Evidence from college students, high-risk clinical populations, women from the community, and children reveals increases in stress, disrupted routines, weight changes, and heightened susceptibility to disordered eating. Additional contributions explore how social inclusion and exclusion affect individuals with eating disorders and assess public engagement with energy labeling during the pandemic. As a whole, this Reprint underscores the need for holistic public health approaches that integrate physical and mental health to better support populations in the aftermath of widespread societal disruption.

Air pollution has been shown to be responsible for the morbidity and mortality of a variety of major diseases. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that almost the whole global population breathes air that exceeds WHO guidelines and contains high levels of pollutants. To date, however, the key constituents of air pollution which impact health and the potential mechanisms remain largely unstudied. In addition, comprehensive assessments of evidence from in vitro and in vivo studies, high-quality cohort studies, and high-resolution model simulations of health impacts are still substantially sparse. Hence, assessing the health risks, identifying the toxic effects, and elucidating the underlying mechanisms are of great importance.  This Reprint aims to understand the mechanisms of the health effects caused by air pollution and ensure accurate exposure assessments around ambient environments and inside human bodies, including a range of approaches—from epidemiological cohorts and toxicological studies—to elucidate the linkage between air pollutant exposure and the mechanisms related to health effects. The articles published in this Special Issue can be categorized into four main research directions: elucidating underlying toxicity mechanisms, identifying critical exposure windows and vulnerable populations in epidemiological studies, exploring the impact on postoperative populations, and estimating the association between air pollutant exposure and health effects.

The Special Issue Centring Intersex: Global and Local Dimensions highlights the growing body of international work in intersex studies, an interdisciplinary field that critically examines societal norms, medical practices, legal premises, and cultural assumptions surrounding variations of sex characteristics (VSCs). Moving beyond medical definitions, the articles in this Special Issue address social, cultural, and political issues faced by intersex people and people with VSCs, including systemic oppression, discrimination, and human rights violations. The articles in the Special Issue were developed from presentations at the international online conference Centring Intersex Issues: Global and Local Dimensions, held on 20–23 February 2023. The conference aimed to create a platform that moved beyond Anglophone and Eurocentric narratives, emphasizing a more inclusive and diverse global perspective on intersex issues. The Special Issue emphasizes the need for a global perspective, critiquing neo-colonial medical practices and advocating for non-pathologizingcal understandings of intersex experiences. Several articles in this Special Issue highlight the importance of co-producing knowledge between intersex and endosex people. They explore global issues such as medical interventions on minors, along with legal and ethical strategies, while addressing local contexts in countries like Aotearoa New Zealand, Australia, Canada, France, Greece, Ireland, Malta, Mexico, and Latin America.

This reprint describes the fate of pollutants transported to the sea from the mainland and how they accumulate in the marine environment and organisms. This will contribute to increasing the knowledge on the dangers of pollutants that reach the marine environment and their fate once they enter the marine food chain. We also hope to improve knowledge on the effects of the pollutant load on the sea during all the seasons, due to the contribution of rivers, rainfall, etc., and the relative influence on marine organisms. Related Books Occurrence and Environmental Risks of Organic Pollutants in Aquatic Environment Environmental & Earth Sciences Environmental Transport and Transformation of Pollutants Environmental & Earth Sciences Toxic Pollutants in Water Environmental & Earth Sciences Occurrence, Accumulation, and Impacts of Environmental Pollutants in Aquatic Systems Environmental & Earth Sciences Legacy and Emerging Pollutants and Their Effects through the Lens of Environmental Manag

This reprint is intended for a broad readership of phytopathologists. It includes different scientific contributions focused on many crucial aspects, such as the identification, characterization and rapid detection of plant diseases; predictive models and deep learning networks; and ecofriendly measures for disease management. Related Books Plant Fungal Diseases and Crop Protection Biology & Life Sciences Advanced Research on Biological Control of Plant Disease or Microbial Interactions Biology & Life Sciences Advances in Disease Diagnostics and Pathogen Biocontrol of Horticulture Crops Biology & Life Sciences Sustainable Crop Plants Protection: Implications for Pest and Disease Control Biology & Life Sciences Plant Viruses: From Ecology to Control Biology & Life Sciences The recommendations have been generated using an AI system. About: About MDPI Books Advisory Board Legal Information: MDPI Privacy Policy Terms and Conditions Terms of Use Accessibility Sales: Order and Deli

Animal production (e.g., milk, meat, and eggs) provides valuable protein production for human beings and animals. However, animal production is facing several challenges worldwide such as environmental impacts and animal welfare/health concerns. In animal farming operations, accurate and efficient monitoring of animal information and behavior can help analyze the health and welfare status of animals and identify sick or abnormal individuals at an early stage to reduce economic losses and protect animal welfare. In recent years, there has been growing interest in animal welfare. At present, sensors, big data, machine learning, and artificial intelligence are used to improve management efficiency, reduce production costs, and enhance animal welfare. Although these technologies still have challenges and limitations, the application and exploration of these technologies in animal farms will greatly promote the intelligent management of farms. Therefore, this Special Issue will collect or

Sensor technology for monitoring vital signs is an important topic for various service applications, such as entertainment and personalization platforms and Internet of Things (IoT) systems, as well as traditional medical purposes, such as disease indication judgments and predictions. Vital signs for monitoring include respiration and heart rates, body temperature, blood pressure, oxygen saturation, electrocardiogram, blood glucose concentration, brain waves, etc. Gait and walking length can also be regarded as vital signs because they can indirectly indicate human activity and status. Sensing technologies include contact sensors such as electrocardiogram (ECG), electroencephalogram (EEG), photoplethysmogram (PPG), non-contact sensors such as ballistocardiography (BCG), and invasive/non-invasive sensors for diagnoses of variations in blood characteristics or body fluids. Radar, vision, and infrared sensors can also be useful technologies for detecting vital signs from the movement of

Ehlers–Danlos syndromes (EDS) are a group of heritable connective tissue disorders (HCTDs) characterized by a variable degree of skin hyperextensibility, joint hypermobility and tissue fragility. The current EDS classification distinguishes 13 subtypes and 19 different causal genes mainly involved in collagen and extracellular matrix synthesis and maintenance. EDS need to be differentiated from other HCTDs with a variable clinical overlap, including Marfan syndrome and related disorders, some types of skeletal dysplasia and cutis laxa. The clinical recognition of EDS is not always straightforward, and, for a definite diagnosis, molecular testing can be of great assistance, especially in patients with an uncertain phenotype. Currently, the major challenging task in EDS is to unravel the molecular basis of the hypermobile EDS that is the most frequent form, and for which the diagnosis is only clinical in the absence of any definite laboratory test. This EDS subtype, as well as other ED

We are pleased to present the following book collating the outcomes of the Special Issues entitled “The Application of Viruses to Biotechnology 2022.” This collection highlights the growing recognition of viruses as versatile tools in biotechnology. While capable of causing diseases, viruses are also simple biological systems that can be manipulated for beneficial purposes. In medicine, viruses are used in vaccines and as vectors for targeted delivery of therapeutic materials, including cancer treatment and gene therapy. In agriculture, viral platforms are explored for introducing desirable traits in plants and enhancing resistance to stresses. In nanotechnology, viruses are utilized for metal deposition and show promise in nanomaterial production. Additionally, they have applications in pharmacology, cosmetics, electronics, and other industries. The contributions included in this Special Issue demonstrate that viruses are no longer viewed solely as pathogens; they have emerged as essential biological tools with significant potential for innovation. The studies highlight that further investigation into viruses reveals an expanding range of applications. By consolidating the research presented in this Special Issue, we aim to showcase advances in the use of viruses as tools, vectors, and resources for diverse biotechnological applications. Collectively, these works provide a valuable reference for future research and underscore the central role of viruses in advancing modern biotechnology.

Energetic compounds have the characteristics of a high density, high enthalpy of formation, and good thermal stability, and they have been extensively studied and reported by researchers in recent years. Energetic materials are special and dangerous energy materials that store a large amount of energy in their structures, which can be released in a very short time under external stimuli such as heat, shock, and friction. As such, they play a very unique but important role in both defense and civilian industries. Energetic compounds have been widely used in the field of energetic materials such as primary explosives, high-energy explosives, rocket propellants, and fireworks. In recent years, they have received increasing attention from energetic materials scientists around the world, and many different kinds of energetic compounds have been designed, synthesized, and reported. This Reprint of this Special Issue is comprised of original research papers on the theoretical design, experimental synthesis, performance evaluation, and practical significance of energetic compounds.

This reprint aims to engage readers with the latest advancements in computational modeling and experimental measurement for quantifying hemodynamics in human vascular systems, derived from medical imaging data. The key topics include patient-specific blood flow modeling in arteries, intracranial aneurysms, and coronary stents. Cutting-edge techniques such as computational fluid dynamics (CFD), the lattice Boltzmann method, and innovative experimental setups such as mock circulation loops are highlighted, providing valuable insights into enhancing diagnostic accuracy and advancing personalized treatment strategies for cardiovascular diseases. A significant portion of this Special Issue is devoted to aneurysm studies, examining flow behaviors, wall stresses, and the impact of flow diverters on patient outcomes. Additionally, the reprint addresses cardiac function, myocardial ischemia, and coronary interventions, offering notable advancements in both computational modeling and experimental validation. Together, the research presented in this collection represents a major step forward in cardiovascular disease management, driven by precise simulations and patient-specific approaches.