Perpustakaan Digital

The recent development of underground space technology makes underground space a potential and feasible solution to climate change, energy shortages, the growing population, and the demands on urban space. Advances in material science, information technology, and computer science incorporating traditional geotechnical engineering have been extensively applied to sustainable and resilient underground space applications. The aim of this Special Issue, entitled “Advanced Underground Space Technology”, is to gather original fundamental and applied research related to the design, construction, and maintenance of underground space. Related Books Structural Analysis of Underground Space Construction Engineering Urban Underground Space Design: Structural Stability and Mechanics Analysis Engineering Geo-Environmental Problems Caused by Underground Construction Engineering Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering Problems in the Design and Construction of Underground Buildings Engineering Ne

The book represents a collection of papers from Special Issue “Formation of Advanced Nanomaterials by Gas-Phase Aggregation” published in journal Applied Nano. It contains review and original articles covering a range of topics on the growth of clusters/nanoparticles using gas-phase aggregation approaches, the application of cluster beams for the formation of nanomaterials with advanced properties and specific nanostructures as well as providing new fundamental insights on nanoscale properties of materials. Related Books Synthesis and Characterization of Nanomaterials Chemistry & Materials Science Plasma based Synthesis and Modification of Nanomaterials Medicine & Pharmacology ... Selected Papers from the 1st International Online Conference on Nanomaterials Chemistry & Materials Science Synthesis, Characterization and Applications of Sustainable Advanced Nanomaterials Chemistry & Materials Science Solution Synthesis, Processing, and Applications of Semiconducting Nanomaterials Chemi

Mathematical modelling in biomedicine is a rapidly developing scientific discipline at the intersection of medicine, biology, mathematics, physics, and computer science. Its progress is stimulated by fundamental scientific questions and by the applications to public health. This book represents a collection of papers devoted to mathematical modelling of various physiological problems in normal and pathological conditions. It covers a broad range of topics including cardiovascular system and diseases, heart and brain modelling, tumor growth, viral infections, and immune response. Computational models of blood circulation are used to study the influence of heart arrhythmias on coronary blood flow and on operating modes for left-ventricle-assisted devices. Wave propagation in the cardiac tissue is investigated in order to show the influence of tissue heterogeneity and fibrosis. The models of tumor growth are used to determine optimal protocols of antiangiogenic and radiotherapy. The mode

This Reprint addresses the emerging paradigm of AI-enhanced operation and management in power systems with high penetration of renewable energy sources. As renewable-rich power systems become increasingly complex and uncertain, AI is poised to reshape traditional operational practices and decision-making processes. The works collated within this Reprint present recent advances in data-driven wind and photovoltaic forecasting, intelligent state estimation and sensing, adaptive and robust scheduling of integrated energy systems, and AI-enabled decision-making for active distribution networks and coupled infrastructures. These studies demonstrate that AI technologies can complement or extend conventional model-based approaches to better manage variability, uncertainty, and scalability challenges. Beyond individual methods, this Reprint highlights a broader shift from static, centralized operation toward adaptive, distributed, and system-aware management frameworks. Several contributions illustrate that AI can integrate heterogeneous information across generation, grids, loads, and external systems, enabling more responsive and low-carbon operational strategies, while others emphasize uncertainty-aware pricing, robust optimization, and voltage or flexibility support aligned with physical and market constraints. By bringing together these perspectives, this Reprint provides a timely overview of how AI-enhanced methodologies are shaping the next generation of renewable-rich power systems.

Over the last few decades, the application of fractional calculus to real-world problems has grown rapidly, with dynamical systems described by fractional differential equations (FDEs) representing one of the ways by which to understand complex materials and processes. Due to the power required to model the non-locality, memory, spatial heterogeneity and anomalous diffusion inherent in many real-world problems, FDEs have attracted significant attention in many fields of science and are still under development. However, generally, fractional mathematical models from science and engineering are so complex that analytical solutions are not available. Therefore, the numerical solution is an effective tool in fractional mathematical models. This Special Issue presents the latest developments in fractional differential equations, reports the state-of-the-art numerical methods, and discusses the future trends and challenges.

This Reprint includes some research articles covering advances in the theory of stochastic modeling in Biology. In this framework, continuous- and discrete-time stochastic processes, as well as stochastic differential equations, fractional differential equations, correlated processes, first-passage-time problems, stochastic optimal controls, parameter estimation, and simulation techniques, are treated. The topics include stochastic processes for neuronal activity, jump-diffusion processes, first-passage-time problems, Markov and semi-Markov processes, time-changed processes, Markov chains, fractional processes, and fractional Brownian motion. Related Books Probability Theory and Stochastic Modeling with Applications Computer Science & Mathematics Stochastic Processes Computer Science & Mathematics ... Stochastic Processes with Applications Computer Science & Mathematics Probability, Stochastic Processes and Optimization Computer Science & Mathematics Mathematical Modeling in System

During the last several decades, the creative and cultural industries (CCIs) have increasingly been recognized for their role in local, regional, national and supranational economies; as drivers of economic growth, development and regeneration; and for their social and cultural impact on well-being, place-making, inclusion, sustainability, diversity and culture. On the other hand, the COVID-19 crisis has exposed the fragility and precarity of an industry dominated by micro-businesses and freelance and informal work practices, as well as having few tangible assets, calling into question the sustainability of economic models based on a high level of precarity in labor practices. This has led to some efforts (by governments and public bodies) to protect the industry from the pandemic’s impact. At the same time, lockdowns have also highlighted the importance of creative activity in maintaining individual well-being and community resilience as well as the innovative potential of the indus

Nanotechnology has offered a wide range of opportunities for the development and application of structures, materials, or systems with new properties in the food industry in recent years. The developed nanomaterials could greatly improve not only food quality and safety but also the foods’ health benefits. Therefore, the great potential of nanomaterial has provided a new perspective for researchers to dive deep into the material at the nano level. It is essential to further come up with novel techniques, methods, and products that have a direct application to nanotechnology in food science. This Special Issue aims to provide an overview of the current and projected outcomes made on nanoscience and nanotechnology fields, from nanomaterials design, conception and characterization to its application in a variety of food-related industries. Researchers are invited to submit their up-to-date original research articles, review works, and short communications to this Foods Special Issue: “P

The pandemic period has caused severe socio-economic damage, but it is accompanied by environmental deterioration that can also affect economic opportunities and social equity. In the face of this double risk, future generations are ready to be resilient and make their contribution not only on the consumption side, but also through their inclusion in all companies by bringing green and circular principles with them. Policy makers can also favor this choice. Related Books Challenges of Post-COVID-19 for a Sustainable Development Society Social Sciences, Arts & Humanities The Influence of COVID-19 on Sustainable Economy Social Sciences, Arts & Humanities ... Resilient Cities and Land Take Effective Management Through Sustainable Urban Planning Tools Business & Economics ... Sustainable Real Estate and Resilient Cities Management, Assessment and Innovations Environmental & Earth Sciences ... Education and Worklife in Times of Uncertainty: Challenges Emerging from the COVID-19 Pandemic

This book shows recent and innovative applications of the use of hyperspectral technology for optimal quantification of crop, vegetation, and soil biophysical variables at various spatial scales, which can be an important aspect in agricultural management practices and monitoring. The articles collected inside the book are intended to help researchers and farmers involved in precision agriculture techniques and practices, as well as in plant nutrient prediction, to a higher comprehension of strengths and limitations of the application of hyperspectral imaging to agriculture and vegetation. Hyperspectral remote sensing for studying agriculture and natural vegetation is a challenging research topic that will remain of great interest for different sciences communities in decades. Related Books The Application of Spectral Techniques in Agriculture and Forestry Biology & Life Sciences ... Remote Sensing Applications for Agriculture and Crop Modelling Biology & Life Sciences ... Crops and V

The Optimal Control of Wind and Wave Energy Converters entail employing advanced algorithms and methodologies to enhance energy capture while ensuring a consistent power output from turbines and wave energy systems. This process requires the modification of operational parameters such as blade pitch and generator speed in reaction to varying conditions, aiming to achieve maximum power point tracking, reduce mechanical stress, and enhance grid integration, particularly in complex offshore settings. The main aspects pursued refer to: Maximizing energy capture: The goal of optimal control is to guarantee that the devices function at their maximum power point by dynamically modifying their physical or electrical attributes in real-time; Reducing stress: Through the management of factors such as blade pitch and yaw, control systems alleviate mechanical loads and structural stress on the devices, thereby prolonging their operational lifespan; Enhancing stability: Variations in wind and wave energy have the potential to disrupt the electrical grid. Implementing optimal control strategies can alleviate these power fluctuations, resulting in a more stable and dependable power supply.

Important biochemical and industrial processes occur in both aqueous and organic solutions. This volume is the second part of an earlier Special Issue titled Modeling of Liquids Behavior: Experiments, Theory and Simulations, and honors Professor William Acree Jr. for his extensive and outstanding research accomplishments in thermodynamic and physicochemical properties of non-electrolyte solutions.  Leading solution and computational chemistry experts have collaborated to create an informative and valuable scientific resource for academicians, beginning and experienced scientists, and engineers. The comprehensive review article and nineteen original research papers published in the Special Issue report new experimental diffusion, solubility, and partition coefficient data for both aqueous and organic solutions, vapor pressure, and enthalpy of vaporization data for ionic liquids and molecular organic compounds.  Expressions based on quantitative structure–property relationships (QSPRs), atom fragment additivity approaches, machine learning models, and quantum mechanical methods are provided for predicting enthalpies and free energies of solvation, partition coefficients for solute transfer into membranes and into organic solvents from both water and the gas phase, and Abraham model solute descriptor values.  The diverse range of topics covered in this Special Issue documents the important research currently being conducted into liquid solutions.

To achieve the objectives of low-carbon and sustainable buildings, human thermal comfort and its related technologies are gaining increasing attention in recent years. This reprint focuses on two key issues of human thermal comfort: (1) a comprehensive scientific understanding of the intricate interplay between indoor occupants and their thermal environments, and (2) the technological advancements stemming from novel scientific breakthroughs. Special attention is given to thermal comfort in special spaces, of diverse groups, and with advanced technologies. Related Books Indoor Thermal Comfort Engineering Energy Implications of Thermal Comfort in Buildings considering Climate Change Engineering Optimizing Energy Efficiency and Thermal Comfort in Building Engineering Internal Environment and Thermal Performance of Buildings Engineering Buildings' Thermal Performance and Energy Efficiency for a Sustainable Construction Engineering The recommendations have been generated using an AI sy

The externalization of animals’ genetic potential is determined by a number of external factors, of which feeding plays a major role. Animals’ nourishment is one of the most important levers to ensure the efficiency of animal production due to both the high share of feed costs in the total cost of products and the influence this has on the growth, reproduction, and health of animals as well as the quality of products obtained from these. This field is one of the most dynamic in the field of husbandry sciences due to the takeover and permanent use of numerous results obtained from research on energy metabolism and nutrients related to the composition of feed and its influence on animal products. This is also due to the great advances in genetics, which create new types of animals with increasing productive potential, but also with different food requirements. This Special Issue collated innovative papers on animal nutrition, physiology, chemistry, biochemistry, genetics, reproduction

This book focuses on recent developments in new industrial platforms, with Industry 4.0 on its way to becoming Industry 5.0. The book covers smart decision support systems for green and sustainable machining, microscale machining, cyber-physical production networks, and the optimization of assembly lines. The modern multiobjective algorithms and multicriteria decision-making methods are applied to various real-world industrial problems. The emerging problem of cybersecurity in advanced technologies is addressed as well. Related Books New Industry 4.0 Advances in Industrial IoT and Visual Computing for Manufacturing Processes Engineering Smart Manufacturing & Automation Control Systems for Industry 4.0/5.0 Engineering Process Control and Smart Manufacturing for Industry 4.0 Engineering Novel Industry 4.0 Technologies and Applications Engineering Industry 4.0 – The Global Industrial Revolution: Achievements, Obstacles and Research Needs for the Digital Transformation of Industry Engin

The world of adult education needs information on instruments that provide behavioral changes and support the physical, emotional, and spiritual health of modern individuals. Under this scope, this Special Issue incorporates articles about modern perspectives on diet and coaching approaches that lead to new dietary habits. Related Books Dietary Interventions for Human General and Oral Health and Disease Reduction Biology & Life Sciences ... New Perspectives in Oral Health for Patients with Special Needs and Compromised Older Adults Medicine & Pharmacology Nutrition and Human Oral Health Public Health & Healthcare Dietary Behavior and Physical Activity in Children and Adolescents Public Health & Healthcare Healthy Nutrition as the Key Reference in Special Diets, Quality of Life, and Sustainability Public Health & Healthcare The recommendations have been generated using an AI system. About: About MDPI Books Advisory Board Legal Information: MDPI Privacy Policy Terms and Condition

The only effective and safe treatment of celiac disease (CD) is a lifelong, strict exclusion of gluten, the so-called gluten-free diet (GFD). As a consequence, strict adherence to the GFD is highly successful and useful to achieve optimal control of symptoms in celiac patients, although, sometimes, nutritional problems can persist despite a strict exclusion of gluten. However, following a strict GFD is not easy and an updated quality assessment of available products is needed for further improvement in gluten-free product development. Similar to CD, GFD is the common dietary approach in non-celiac gluten/wheat sensitivity (NCGWS). NCGWS is another common gluten-related disorder without the diagnostic features of CD. Increasing interest in the association and interaction between irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), functional dyspepsia, and gluten-related disorders can expand our knowledge and understanding of the management of these disorders. In this respect, GFD is considered a therapeut

This Special Issue collects eight peer-reviewed papers showcasing recent developments in design and manufacturing technologies, with a particular focus on the integration of advanced materials, process innovation, human-centered design, and digitalization. The contributions reflect how modern manufacturing is increasingly multidisciplinary, merging design, production, and system intelligence. The main topics covered include the following: Four-dimensional printing and smart structures, introducing self-folding mechanisms enabled by pre-stressed materials; Optimization of additive and hybrid processes, including parameter tuning for FFF with PVA supports and design strategies for directed energy deposition; Precision machining studies applied to aerospace alloys, analyzing hole quality and tool wear; Human-centric manufacturing, with on-field ergonomics assessment and human-error analysis in collaborative robotics; IoT-based monitoring and scheduling optimization for flexible manufacturing systems, improving responsiveness and reliability.

This Special Issue highlights pioneering advancements in subsurface energy systems, encompassing hydrocarbon extraction and geothermal utilization through sustainable technological innovations. Featuring multidisciplinary investigations, this research series focuses on optimizing resource recovery while minimizing environmental impacts across unconventional formations and thermal reservoirs. Key contributions demonstrate novel approaches ranging from nanoscale flow behavior analysis in tight formations to integrated geophysical–AI workflows for reservoir characterization. Central research threads examine fracture network engineering, multiphase fluid interactions in extreme-depth environments, coupled thermal-hydro-mechanical simulations, and intelligent production forecasting systems. The volume synthesizes experimental validations, computational modeling breakthroughs, and operational case studies that collectively advance our understanding of energy extraction mechanics. By integrating fundamental scientific discoveries with scalable engineering applications, this compilation establishes critical pathways for developing next-generation eco-efficient energy harvesting technologies across diverse geological settings.

The objective of this reprint is to offer readers the most up-to-date insights into managing both ruptured and unruptured cerebral aneurysms. Despite recent advancements in diagnosing and treating these aneurysms, their associated complications significantly affect patient outcomes at various stages of the disease. The early identification and effective management of potential complications are therefore crucial. Additionally, selecting appropriate candidates for preventive treatment and refining treatment strategies can further enhance outcomes. Within this reprint, neurovascular specialists from around the globe contribute their research findings and perspectives on various aspects of cerebral aneurysm management. These contributions aim to deepen our understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms behind this complex condition and pave the way for optimizing treatment guidelines in the future. Related Books Experimental and Clinical Treatment of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage after R

Medical data can be defined as obtaining information from patients (such as signals, images, sounds, chemical components and their concentration, body temperature, respiratory rate, blood pressure, and different treatment measurements) to quantify the patient’s status and disease stage. Computer-aided diagnostic (CAD) systems use classical image processing, computer vision, machine learning, and deep learning methods for image analysis. Using image classification or segmentation algorithms, they find a region of interest (ROI) pointing to a specific location within the given image or an outcome of interest in the form of a label pointing to a diagnosis or prognosis. Computer science, with the evolution of artificial intelligence and machine learning techniques, facilitates the modeling and interpretation of results—from carrying out measurements to experiments and observations. Employing technological tools for collection, processing, and analysis incorporates understanding the patie

The impact of buildings on the environment is nothing short of devastating. In recent years, much attention has been given to creating an environmentally friendly built environment. Nonetheless, it has been levied on new buildings. Residential buildings make up at least 80\% of the built environment, most of which were built before any energy efficiency guidelines or regulations were introduced. Retrofitting existing residential buildings is a key yet neglected priority in effecting the transition to an environmentally friendly, sustainable built environment. It is pivotal to reducing a building’s energy consumption while simultaneously improving indoor environmental quality and minimizing harmful emissions. This Special Issue showcases studies investigating applications of environmental technology that is tailored to enhance the sustainable performance of existing residential buildings. It helps to better understand the innovations that have been taking place in retrofitting resident

This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue “Energy Harvesters and Self-Powered Sensors for Smart Electronics” that was published in Micromachines, which showcases the rapid development of various energy harvesting technologies and novel devices. In the current 5G and Internet of Things (IoT) era, energy demand for numerous and widely distributed IoT nodes has greatly driven the innovation of various energy harvesting technologies, providing key functionalities as energy harvesters (i.e., sustainable power supplies) and/or self-powered sensors for diverse IoT systems. Accordingly, this book includes one editorial and nine research articles to explore different aspects of energy harvesting technologies such as electromagnetic energy harvesters, piezoelectric energy harvesters, and hybrid energy harvesters. The mechanism design, structural optimization, performance improvement, and a wide range of energy harvesting and self-powered monitoring applications have been involved. Th

Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans is a well-studied Gram-negative bacterium that can often be found in the oral cavity of young individuals. It has several virulence factors and a large genetic diversity, which results in both harmless and highly virulent genotypes. To determine the virulence potential of the isolated bacteria, genetic profiling is recommended. Advanced knowledge of the virulence mechanisms induced by this bacterium is important for the development of future personalized preventive and treatment strategies. The fifteen papers in this book provide a strong and relevant background that can contribute to the improvement of future diagnosis and research strategies. Related Books Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans Biology & Life Sciences Periodontitis Medicine & Pharmacology Oral Microbial Communities and Oral Health Biology & Life Sciences ... Molecular Characterization of Gram-Negative Bacteria: Antimicrobial Resistance, Virulence and Epidemiology Biology & Life