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Acoustic sensors have an extremely wide range of applications in many fields, including underwater acoustics, architectural acoustics, engineering acoustics, physical acoustics, environmental acoustics, psychoacoustics, and so on. The signals collected by high-sensitivity acoustic sensors contain a large amount of valid information that facilitates further processing of the collected acoustic signals. In particular, detection and feature extraction, as two important measures of acoustic sensor signal processing, can capture more information regarding the target and extract features with separability. Related Books Acoustic Sensors and Their Applications Engineering Acoustic Sensing and Monitoring in Urban and Natural Environments Environmental & Earth Sciences Advanced Signal Processing in Wearable Sensors for Health Monitoring Engineering New Advances in Audio Signal Processing Computer Science & Mathematics ... Sensor Signal and Information Processing II Computer Science & Mathema

This reprint represented certain advances in the research on modern avian virology from expert research groups in Asia. All topics collected have included the basic virology, pathogenicity, epidemiology, antiviral strategies, and vaccination developments. Related Books Recent Advances of Avian Viruses Research Biology & Life Sciences Advances in Parvovirus Research 2020 Biology & Life Sciences ... Advances in Parvovirus Research 2022 Biology & Life Sciences ... Virus Infection and Infectious Diseases Biology & Life Sciences New Insights into Parvovirus Research Biology & Life Sciences ... The recommendations have been generated using an AI system. About: About MDPI Books Advisory Board Legal Information: MDPI Privacy Policy Terms and Conditions Terms of Use Accessibility Sales: Order and Delivery Indexing and Distribution Further Information: Book Series Reprints Book/Chapter Processing Charges Pay an Invoice Open Access Policy Obtaining an ISBN For Librarians MDPI Initiat

During the last 60 years the relevance of cannabis (Cannabis sativa or Cannabis indica) ingredients, like the psychoactive Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), cannabidiol, 120+ additional cannabinoids and 440+ non-cannabinoid compounds, for human health and disease has become apparent. Approximately 30 years after the elucidation of THC structure the molecular reasons for the biological activity of these plant extracts were made clearer by the discovery of endocannabinoids, that are endogenous lipids able to bind to the same receptors activated by THC. Besides endocannabinoids, that include several N-acylethanolamines and acylesters, a complex array of receptors, metabolic enzymes, transporters (transmembrane, intracellular and extracellular carriers) were also discovered, and altogether they form a so-called “endocannabinoid system” that has been shown to finely tune the manifold biological activities of these lipid signals. Both plant-derived cannabinoids and endocannabinoids were firs

Biosensors and systems in the form of wearables and “nearables” (i.e., everyday sensorized objects with transmitting capabilities such as smartphones) are rapidly evolving for use in healthcare. Unlike conventional approaches, these technologies can enable seamless or on-demand physiological monitoring, anytime and anywhere. Such monitoring can help transform healthcare from the current reactive, one-size-fits-all, hospital-centered approach into a future proactive, personalized, decentralized structure. Wearable and nearable biosensors and systems have been made possible through integrated innovations in sensor design, electronics, data transmission, power management, and signal processing. Although much progress has been made in this field, many open challenges for the scientific community remain, especially for those applications requiring high accuracy. This book contains the 12 papers that constituted a recent Special Issue of Sensors sharing the same title. The aim of the initia

This Special Issue contains a massive collection of 76 peer-reviewed papers, highlighting the transition of the cosmetic industry towards new areas of research including green technology, new delivery systems, and development of new models for assessing efficacy and safety.

Professor Chunxiang Cui, as one of the first Chinese scholars to pay attention to in situ synthesis theory, has been engaged in the research of MMCs for a long time. He retraced the idea of in situ synthesis from the field of composite design to the field of metallurgy, proposed the concept of in situ composite inoculant (or master alloy) which is prepared by nanocrystallization and used as modifying and refining agents to modify and refine aluminum alloys, titanium–aluminum alloys, and alloy steels. This new concept was applied in improving the traditional metal metallurgy technology, effectively improving the metallurgical quality and service performance of common metal materials. This academic idea has aroused great attention in the field of iron and steel metallurgy, and has inspired a series of new developments in the current era of traditional technologies, such as inoculation or modification. Professor Chunxiang Cui, as one of the first to attain a major in Material Science and Engineering in China, has been engaged in the field of higher education for 40 years. In order to celebrate the 40th anniversary of Professor Chunxiang Cui becoming a teacher, we announced this commemorative Special Issue.

This Special Issue presents some works considered innovative in the field of sustainability in geotechnics and whose practical application is already current or may occur in the near future. The Special Issue brings together sixteen papers that, not only for their scientific merit, address some of the current and future sustainable solutions in geotechnics. The papers published cover a wide range of these innovative and sustainable topics with a specific focus on the research, design, construction, and performance of sustainable geotechnical works. These works are expected to inspire the development of geotechnics, contributing to the future construction of more resilient and sustainable geotechnical structures.

"Functional Nanomaterials for Healthcare" is a collection showcasing cutting-edge research in advanced nanomaterials for healthcare applications. As healthcare evolves through science and innovation, these articles provide the latest insights into nanomaterial applications. Researchers have tailored nanomaterials for improved diagnostics, medical imaging, precise drug delivery, tissue engineering, and groundbreaking theranostics. This compilation, written by experts, explores advanced nanomaterial synthesis, functionalization, characterization, and diverse medical uses. Dive into this significant contribution to the field, offering a comprehensive overview of the latest innovations in healthcare nanomaterials for researchers, students, and healthcare professionals. Related Books Recent Trends of Functional Nanomaterials for Biomedical and Healthcare Applications Chemistry & Materials Science Functional Nanomaterials for Biosensors and Biomedicine Application Chemistry & Materials Sc

The papers in this Reprint cover a number of topics related to cybersecurity threats. Academic researchers and policy makers will find the topics of interest because cybersecurity solutions involve intra-organizational and inter-organizational decision-making and human–technology interaction that is focused on enhancing cybersecurity. The topics covered include challenges confronting local government and the way local government representatives can view policy in relation to the cybersecurity challenges faced. Cybersecurity vulnerabilities in relation to IT infrastructure are considered, and attention is given to digital transformation and network expansion. A hybrid ensemble learning-based intrusion detection framework for integrating deep learning and ML algorithms vis-à-vis real-time cybersecurity applications is featured. Reference is made to traditional security techniques for lending systems and security in blockchain-based lending systems. Insight is provided into network the

This Special Issue contains some recently experimental and theoretical advances in hydrogen evolution reaction, oxygen evolution reaction, and oxygen reduction reaction, and the applications in water splitting, proton exchange membrane fuel cells, and lithium-ion batteries. Related Books Research on Electrocatalytic Materials for Hydrogen Evolution and Oxygen Evolution Chemistry & Materials Science ... Novel Non-Precious Metal Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Electrode Reactions Chemistry & Materials Science Feature Review Papers in Electrocatalysis Chemistry & Materials Science Immobilized Non-Precious Electrocatalysts for Advanced Energy Devices Chemistry & Materials Science ... Advanced Electrocatalysis Materials Design Chemistry & Materials Science The recommendations have been generated using an AI system. About: About MDPI Books Advisory Board Legal Information: MDPI Privacy Policy Terms and Conditions Terms of Use Accessibility Sales: Order and Delivery Indexing and Distrib

In this Special Issue, we address the state of the art of the systematics of the main annelid groups and the improvements in the diversity they hold, with special emphasis on the latest discoveries in well-studied areas, expeditions to unsurveyed areas or environments, or the use of novel techniques that allow for the improvement of biodiversity knowledge. We are hoping that this Special Issue will provide a platform facilitating a review of current knowledge on the subject, identifying current research problems, as well as indicating directions and research trends for the future. Related Books Salamanders: Distribution, Diversity, and Conservation Biology & Life Sciences Advances in Plant Taxonomy and Systematics Biology & Life Sciences Diversity, Biogeography and Community Ecology of Ants II Biology & Life Sciences Systematics and Phylogeny of Weevils Biology & Life Sciences Systematics and Phylogeny of Weevils Biology & Life Sciences The recommendations have been generated using a

This Special Issue contains a massive collection of 76 peer-reviewed papers, highlighting the transition of the cosmetic industry towards new areas of research including green technology, new delivery systems, and development of new models for assessing efficacy and safety.

This Special Issue presents the latest advances in the design, processing, and performance evaluation of Ni-based superalloys. The presented articles highlight key aspects such as microstructural evolution, high-temperature tensile behavior, low-cycle fatigue, and the effects of alloying and processing on mechanical properties. Covering both single-crystal and directionally solidified superalloys, the contributions provide insights into γ/γ′ phase interactions, deformation mechanisms, and phase stability. This compilation can serve as a valuable reference for researchers and engineers working on high-performance alloys for turbine, aerospace, and power-generation applications.

The assessment of vascular stiffness is gaining significance in cardiovascular research due to the need to analyze the properties of the arterial system and perform clinical evaluations of patients. Ongoing research seeks to resolve technical and methodological challenges in measuring arterial stiffness, aiming to enhance its reliability and clinical relevance. This second edition highlights recent advancements in the methodologies employed to assess vascular stiffness, along with both preclinical and clinical applications. It features new data and in-depth reviews on the use of arterial stiffness and early vascular aging measures, particularly in addressing issues such as risk stratification in special populations and specific diseases. Recent technical innovations in the field also occupy a special place in this reprint, making it a vehicle for disseminating important advancements in the field of vascular stiffness.

Relative to model plants, ornamental plants have many special characteristics, such as their flower color, shape and fragrance. Furthermore, these traits are unique and complex compared to different plants. With the development of sequencing technology and omics tools, core regulatory networks and genes related to specific traits were discovered in a variety of ornamental plants. These research methods have enriched the exploration of the regulatory mechanisms of ornamental traits and provided elite candidate genes for directional breeding. This Special Issue “Molecular Biology of Ornamental Plants” covers 13 ornamental plant species, including 7 woody flowers, 3 perennial flowers, 1 aquatic flower and 2 herbs. The research topics include flower color, abiotic stress, species diversity, plant development and research protocol innovation. The research methods integrate the latest methods of bioinformatics and molecular biology. Related Books Physiological and Molecular Biology of Orn

This Special Issue is a compilation of review articles that highlight the latest research findings and advancements in the field of personalized medicine. This series provides a comprehensive overview of topics including, but not limited to, diagnostic techniques, therapeutic interventions, and emerging trends in biomarkers. By featuring expert reviews, this Special Issue offers valuable insights and critical analyses of the current state of research in personalized medicine. About: About MDPI Books Advisory Board Legal Information: MDPI Privacy Policy Terms and Conditions Terms of Use Accessibility Sales: Order and Delivery Indexing and Distribution Further Information: Book Series Reprints Book/Chapter Processing Charges Pay an Invoice Open Access Policy Obtaining an ISBN For Librarians MDPI Initiatives: MDPI Journals Scilit Sciforum Proceedings Series Preprints.org SciProfiles Encyclopedia JAMS Follow Us: Facebook LinkedIn Twitter / X Sign Up for our MDPI Books Newslet

In recent years, the formulation of innovative photocatalysts activated by visible or solar light has been attracting increasing attention because of their notable potential for environmental remediation and use in organic synthesis reactions. Generally, the strategies for the development of visible-light-active photocatalysts are mainly focused on enhancing degradation efficiency (in the case of environmental remediation) or increasing selectivity toward the desired product (in the case of organic synthesis). These goals can be achieved by doping the semiconductor lattice with metal and/or non-metal elements in order to reduce band gap energy, thereby providing the semiconductor with the ability to absorb light at a wavelength higher than the UV range. Other interesting options are the formulation of different types of heterojunctions (to increase visible absorption properties and to reduce the recombination rate of charge carriers) and the development of innovative catalytic materi

Childhood obesity continues to be a global problem, with several regions showing increasing rates and others having one in every three children overweight despite an apparent halt or downward trend. Children are exposed to nutritional, social, and obesogenic environmental risks from different settings, and this affects their lifelong health. There is a consensus that high-quality multifaceted smart and cost-effective interventions enable children to grow with a healthy set of habits that have lifelong benefits to their wellbeing. The literature has shown that dietary approaches play key roles in improving children’s health, not only on a nutritional level but also in diet quality and patterns. An association between the nutritional strategy and other lifestyle components promotes a more comprehensive approach and should be envisioned in intervention studies. This Special Issue entitled “Child Obesity and Nutrition Promotion Intervention” combines original research manuscripts or revi

This Reprint provides an inclusive exploration of the soil microbiome—the complex community of bacteria, fungi, protozoa, and archaea—and its indispensable role in modern biological science. As the global agricultural sector faces the dual challenges of climate change and food insecurity, understanding the biological engines beneath our feet is more critical than ever. The research in this collection emphasizes the transition from traditional chemical dependency toward biological integration. Key topics include the development and application of microbial inoculants, biofertilizers, and biopesticides, which serve as sustainable alternatives to synthetic inputs. By examining the potential of diverse microbial communities, these studies illustrate enhanced nutrient cycling, improved plant resilience, and effective integrated pest management strategies. By synthesizing cutting-edge research in microbial biotechnology and soil health, this Reprint offers a roadmap for increasing crop yields while safeguarding ecosystem stability. It serves as an essential resource for researchers, policymakers, and practitioners dedicated to fostering a resilient and sustainable future for global agriculture

The following Reprint focuses on all of the above classes of materials and the areas of physical metallurgy, process metallurgy, materials science, and processing techniques. Specific areas of interest also include titanium-/nickel-based superalloys, intermetallics, advanced metallic materials, nanomaterials, metal matrix composites, functional materials, related synthesis and processing techniques, finite element modeling, statistical analysis, physical/mechanical property characterization, experimental validation, and other relevant phenomena. Physical metallurgy is important in the design and optimization of advanced materials with superior physical and mechanical properties over their service lives via microstructural modifications and processing techniques. The goal of this Reprint on the physical metallurgy of metals and alloys is to bring together information on the recent progress, novel technologies, and advanced equipment described in our works on the design and development of advanced metals and alloys, and provide guidelines/benchmarks for further research in related areas. Composites, intermetallics, and nanomaterials, as well as functional materials, will also be included.

The assessment of key apparatuses’ adequate technical conditions is crucial in the delivery of reliable and continuous electric power to customers. To meet this requirement, any fault in the power system must be detected and diagnosed as early as possible, with particular emphasis on the precision of the diagnostic process. Various online and offline diagnostic methods are widely applied for the early detection of system malfunctions, alongside a number of different sensors, which may be used to capture selected physical quantities indicating the type of potential faults. A specific fault diagnostic process is typically carried out by experts in the field; however, artificial intelligence (AI)-based systems are increasingly being proposed to support decision making related to this task. An essential step in fault diagnostic processes is signal analysis, and this is supported by features including (but not limited to) signal processing, feature extraction, modeling, and prediction methods. In this context, this Special Issue includes ten high-quality papers dealing with the main problems currently related to sensors and fault diagnostics in power system engineering.

Over the centuries, technological advancements have significantly enhanced various aspects of human life by improving the performance of materials that interact with living systems. Nevertheless, the mass production and disposal of numerous newly developed materials have given rise to a pressing 21st-century challenge: environmental sustainability. For instance, during the COVID-19 pandemic, the World Health Organization estimated that 89 million facial masks were required monthly for frontline health workers. A promising solution to this challenge lies in the micro- and nanofabrication of bio-based materials, which can transform current technology that is reliant on traditional materials by providing recyclable, biodegradable, and energy-efficient alternatives. Bio-based materials, such as papers and silk textiles, have demonstrated their sustainability over thousands of years. Recent progress in science and engineering has unveiled innovative functionalities and applications of the

The present Special Issue (SI), entitled “Editorial Board Members’ Collection Series: Nonlinear Photonics”, aims to highlight the current state of the art, some recent advances, and perspectives for further development. Fundamental and applicative aspects have been considered, with special attention given to the hot topics that could lead to technological and scientific breakthroughs. Contributions were solicited from both leading researchers and emerging investigators. As a result, this SI contains two reviews and nine research articles, which can be divided into three groups. The first group of papers highlights new physical effects, regarding nonclassical states of light, shaping the noise statistics of quantum states of light, anomalous diffusion in disordered photonic systems and the modulation of chirped Gaussian soliton molecules in extra-cavity optical fiber modulation systems. The second group is devoted to the current issue of identifying efficient device integration platfo

The most influential research topic in the twenty-first century seems to be mathematics, as it generates innovation in a wide range of research fields. It supports all engineering fields, but also areas such as medicine, healthcare, business, etc. Therefore, the intention of this Special Issue is to deal with mathematical works related to engineering and multidisciplinary problems. Modern developments in theoretical and applied science have widely depended our knowledge of the derivatives and integrals of the fractional order appearing in engineering practices. Therefore, one goal of this Special Issue is to focus on recent achievements and future challenges in the theory and applications of fractional calculus in engineering sciences. The special issue included some original research articles that address significant issues and contribute towards the development of new concepts, methodologies, applications, trends and knowledge in mathematics. Potential topics include, but are no