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This book on ‘Cooperative Learning in Higher Education’ addresses the development of both reflective teaching and learning in higher education to promote sustainable education in several disciplines where reflection is at the core of sustainable development. The book explores reflection within higher education and/or within instructional approaches to higher education, not only via in-house and external individuals, collective initiatives and activities that focus on reflection and the generation of knowledge, but also on the transformative outputs of learning communities. We place an emphasis on reflective practices and communities, as well as linking reflective learning and the development of professional identity through reflection. The book also addresses the connections between theoretical and applied research on reflective practices and knowledge generation in all areas, as well as professional practice and identity through theoretical definitions, situated and grounded practice

The world faces growing water scarcity and pollution, intensified by socioeconomic development and rising demand for clean water. Annually, about 359.4 billion m³ of wastewater is generated globally, with nearly half discharged untreated. Conventional treatment plants, while widely used, are energy-intensive, rely heavily on chemicals, incompletely remove emerging contaminants and pathogens, emit significant greenhouse gases, and operate separately from natural ecosystems. Sustainable, cost-effective alternatives are urgently needed. Constructed wetlands mimic natural wetland processes—using plants, substrates, and microorganisms—to effectively remove pollutants. Recognized as eco-friendly and efficient nature-based solutions, they offer multiple benefits, including water purification, resource recovery, carbon sequestration, stormwater management, biodiversity support, and opportunities for education and recreation. This Reprint tackles current challenges in constructed wetlands, such as carbon emission reduction and removal of emerging contaminants. The studies provide insights to advance innovative applications and enhance the mechanistic understanding of wetlands for sustainable pollution control.

In synthetic processes that produce polycrystalline material, e.g., zeolites in solvothermal synthesis, or composite materials, such as cement or products from nature, e.g., shells, the use of powder X-ray diffraction is essential for the structural characterization of materials. In recent years, the development of computer programs for structure solution and analysis of powder diffraction data has made it possible to determine the crystal structure of polycrystalline materials, making powder X-ray diffraction an even more valuable method. In addition, powder X-ray diffraction data can also provide important information about the microstructural features, porosity and thermal expansion of the material. This Special Issue is dedicated to the use of powder X-ray diffraction data in the study of various polycrystalline materials to provide insight into the structure–property correlation and the evaluation of various properties, highlighting potential applications and performance of polycrystalline materials.

This Special Issue explores the origin, structure, function, and other properties of a wide range of raw starches, including their production and application in food, industry, and the environment. This Special Issue covers the separation process, modification and other technical means of starch, and explains the relationship between the separation process, modification technology and morphology, structure, and physicochemical and functional properties of starch granules. Understanding the structural changes induced by the processing technology and the digestive and antidigestive properties of starch is an essential theme of this Special Issue. Current and emerging trends in starch applications are also presented. This Special Issue also details the microstructure of starch, the multiscale structure of starch (including the amylose/amylopectin ratio, fine structures of amylose and amylopectin, short-range ordered structures, helical structures, crystalline features, and lamellar stru

The present reprint contains five articles accepted and published in the Special Issue “Logic and Computation 2023” of the MDPI “Mathematics” journal, covering several topics on computing science based on some form of logic. These topics include the model theory for formal logic-based formal specification and programming, logic mining and logic for games. It is hoped that the reprint will be interesting and useful for those working in the area of applying logic to computing. Related Books Fuzzy Logic and Computational Intelligence Computer Science & Mathematics Fuzzy Logic and Soft Computing – Dedicated to the Centenary of the Birth of Lotfi A. Zadeh (1921-2017) Computer Science & Mathematics Fuzzy Sets, Fuzzy Logic and Their Applications 2021 Computer Science & Mathematics 10th Anniversary of Axioms: Logic Computer Science & Mathematics Advances in Computational Mathematics and Applied Mathematics Computer Science & Mathematics The recommendations have been generated using an AI s

The present book contains all the articles accepted and published in the Special Issue “Advances in Artificial Intelligence: Models, Optimization, and Machine Learning” of the MDPI Mathematics journal, which covers a wide range of topics connected to the theory and applications of artificial intelligence and its subfields. These topics include, among others, deep learning and classic machine learning algorithms, neural modelling, architectures and learning algorithms, biologically inspired optimization algorithms, algorithms for autonomous driving, probabilistic models and Bayesian reasoning, intelligent agents and multiagent systems. We hope that the scientific results presented in this book will serve as valuable sources of documentation and inspiration for anyone willing to pursue research in artificial intelligence, machine learning and their widespread applications. Related Books Advances in Artificial Intelligence Computer Science & Mathematics Computational Optimizations for

In the framework of the section on Wastewater Treatment and Reuse launched by the Editorial Office of Water, we proposed a Special Issue titled Advanced Oxidation Processes for Water and Wastewater Treatment. One review and nine research papers were published in this Issue of Water from March 2020 to March 2021 after a rigorous peer-review. Nonetheless, a printed book gathering them in an organized manner would be very useful. The book format allows one to browse through the articles in a much easier way. Anybody in a laboratory/classroom can have the printed book at hand for consultation at any time. This book contains articles written by several experts on Advanced Oxidation Processes, particularly focused in electrochemical treatments. Its publication will allow the scientific community interested in this domain to possess a book of distinctive value at an affordable price. Related Books Urban and Industrial Wastewater Disinfection and Decontamination by Advanced Oxidation Proces

Every minute, 34 new patients are diagnosed with cancer globally. Although over the past 50 years treatments have improved and survival rates have increased dramatically for several types of cancers, many remain incurable. Several aggressive types of blood and solid cancers form when mutations occur in a critical cellular signaling pathway, the JAK-STAT pathway; (Janus Kinase-Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription). Currently, there are no clinically available drugs that target the oncogenic STAT3/5 proteins in particular or their Gain of Function hyperactive mutant products. Here, we summarize targeting approaches on STAT3/5, as the field moves towards clinical applications as well as we illuminate on upstream or downstream JAK-STAT pathway interference with kinase inhibitors, heat shock protein blockers or changing nuclear import/export processes. We cover the design paradigms and medicinal chemistry approaches to illuminate progress and challenges in understanding the ple

This Reprint compiles recent review articles and original research at the forefront of horticultural plant genomics. The past two decades have witnessed transformative progress in the field, fueled by advancements in sequencing technologies and bioinformatics. Moving beyond reference genomes, the field now leverages integrated multi-omics approaches—including pan-genomics, transcriptomics, and non-coding RNA analysis—to decode the complexity of horticultural species. This collection highlights applications in fruit trees, vegetables, ornamental flowers, tea plants, and medicinal herbs, offering novel insights into gene function, regulatory networks, and evolutionary dynamics. By providing comprehensive genomic resources and a mechanistic understanding, the presented works support accelerated molecular breeding and trait improvement, addressing both fundamental questions and practical challenges in horticulture.

Aortic aneurysms and aortic dissections are potentially life-threatening conditions that require urgent attention. In recent years, a substantial amount of research has been conducted. Despite advances in diagnosis and treatment, there are significant treatment gaps that need to be addressed to save lives. One major gap is the early detection and diagnosis of aortic aneurysms, as they often present no symptoms until a catastrophic event occurs. Increased awareness and effective screening programs are crucial to identify at-risk individuals. With decreasing incidence in the Western world, cost–benefit analyses or more targeted screening methods are becoming increasingly important. Similarly, there is a need for timely recognition and diagnosis of aortic dissections, as symptoms can be easily mistaken for other conditions. Medical professionals must be equipped with the necessary knowledge and tools for prompt identification. Bridging these gaps requires optimizing treatment strategies, refining surgical approaches, and developing novel therapies. Comprehensive long-term management strategies are also essential for individuals who have survived aortic dissections. Standardized guidelines and protocols for post-dissection care, including regular imaging studies and medication management, are vital for optimal outcomes. From the genetic analysis of aortic patients, to innovative clinical case studies, and real-world long-term outcomes, this collection of articles deals with manifold aspects of aortic disease and therapy.

The non-ionizing nature of microwave radiation and low-cost microwave electronics offer innovative solutions for medical diagnoses, treatment, and health monitoring. Researchers of antennas, microwave electronics, computational electromagnetics, imaging, and signal processing are working collaboratively with medical practitioners, aiming at enhancing our lives through developing next-generation healthcare technologies. Together with the recent boom in artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML), they open new avenues that accelerate technical development in microwave-based techniques for medical applications. In this Special Issue, we present a comprehensive exploration of microwave and antenna systems, showcasing their transformative impact on diverse medical applications, including medical diagnoses, treatment, and patient monitoring. The collection features nine cutting-edge original research articles followed by two insightful reviews incorporating microwave imaging an

Following on from the Special Issue “Recent Advances and Contribution of Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Applications for Agricultural Monitoring”, we concluded that SAR has now become a pivotal sensor for agricultural monitoring. In this Special Issue, you will find a variety of background material discussing SAR and its applications. Several papers focused on using machine learning approaches with SAR to monitor crop stages and classify crops, while others focused on the polarimetric mode to estimate crop height. Going forward, we hope that you will find this Special Issue to be a useful reference. Related Books Precision Agriculture and Crop Monitoring Based on Remote Sensing Methods Environmental & Earth Sciences Advances in SAR: Sensors, Methodologies, and Applications Environmental & Earth Sciences Remote Sensing in Agriculture: State-of-the-Art Environmental & Earth Sciences ... New Insights in Crop Monitoring and Management Using Remote Sensing Data Biology & Life Sciences ..

The book focuses on a novel application of Intelligent Systems for supporting the operation and maintenance of power systems or other technical facilities within wind farms. Indicating a different perception of the reliability of wind farm facilities led to the possibility of extending the operation lifetime and operational readiness of wind farm equipment. Additionally, the presented approach provides a basis for extending its application to the testing and analysis of other technical facilities. Related Books Application of Intelligent Techniques in Power System Stability, Control and Protection Engineering Advances in Diagnostic Analysis, Strategic Management, and Proactive Maintenance of Electrical Equipment Engineering Machine Learning for Energy Systems Engineering Artificial Intelligence for Smart and Sustainable Energy Systems and Applications Environmental & Earth Sciences ... Intelligent Control in Energy Systems Engineering The recommendations have been generated using a

In “Removal of Cyanobacteria and Cyanotoxins in Waters” we have attempted to provide readers with a comprehensive overview of the different strategies and alternative treatments currently being studied for the effective removal of cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins from water. Related Books Cyanobacteria and Cyanotoxins Biology & Life Sciences Cyanotoxins in Bloom Environmental & Earth Sciences Freshwater Algal Toxins Biology & Life Sciences ... Advancing Knowledge on Cyanobacterial Blooms in Freshwaters Biology & Life Sciences ... Toxic Pollutants in Water Environmental & Earth Sciences The recommendations have been generated using an AI system. About: About MDPI Books Advisory Board Legal Information: MDPI Privacy Policy Terms and Conditions Terms of Use Accessibility Sales: Order and Delivery Indexing and Distribution Further Information: Book Series Reprints Book/Chapter Processing Charges Pay an Invoice Open Access Policy Obtaining an ISBN For Librarians MDPI Initiatives:

The progress in the area of nanotechnology has opened the door for the fabrication of soft, biological, and composite nanomaterials for targeted applications. Nanomaterials are known to enhance the properties and functionality of composite materials several fold. The properties for the desired applications can often be achieved by the addition of small amounts of nanomaterials into soft materials such as polymers, gels, and biomaterials. This book condenses investigations by scientific groups from highly diverse research fields, which will be beneficial for the wider scientific community. Related Books Advanced Biopolymer-Based Nanocomposites and Hybrid Materials Chemistry & Materials Science Novel Structural and Functional Material Properties Enabled by Nanocomposite Design Chemistry & Materials Science Nanomaterials for Biomedical and Biotechnological Applications Biology & Life Sciences Nanocomposites of Polymers and Inorganic Nanoparticles Chemistry & Materials Science Novel Bioco

This Reprint continues the work initiated in our previous edition, Mathematical Models and Simulations, emphasizing the central role of mathematical modeling in understanding complex systems across physics, biology, finance, and engineering. Mathematical models provide the structural framework through which the behavior of physical and abstract phenomena can be interpreted, predicted, and optimized. Alongside these theoretical foundations, numerical simulations serve as a crucial complement, enabling researchers to explore system dynamics, test hypotheses, and forecast quantities of interest with high fidelity. The Reprint brings together contributions spanning a broad spectrum of mathematical physics, highlighting both deterministic and stochastic modeling approaches. Deterministic models typically rely on ordinary or partial differential equations to describe well-defined system evolutions, while stochastic models account for randomness through stochastic processes or stochastic differential equations. Emphasis is placed on rigorous mathematical analyses of these models to ensure clarity, reliability, and applicability.

Up until the current pandemic, the terms “urban-scape” and “human-scape” have been meant, assumed, and practised as parallel dimensions of the territorial analysis, marginalising the knowledge and the evaluation of the landscape risk. This has always been associated, and often confused, with diverse forms of environmental risk, despite the fact that they represent some of the most important components of risk, but not its essence. The relation between social capital and landscape deserves to be examined and represented in its entirety: as a matter of fact, while social capital has mainly been considered in the material, functional, economic, and ethical dimensions, landscape has been examined in the perceptual, psychological, cultural, and aesthetic dimensions. Sudden and widespread environmental fluctuations, such as the one created by the pandemic and by the Russian-Ukrainian crisis, significantly involved the relationship between the two main existential dimensions of the settled communities—social capital and landscape—and its possible representations by means of the economic–monetary dimension as well. This reprint contains empirical studies and systematic reviews regarding the essence and the possible overcoming of the conflict between some specific functions of the economic sub-system and landscape quality, with specific reference to the main criticalities already existing before the pandemic and to the possibility—prefigured by the new restraints—to rebuild their connections in order to reduce the landscape risk.

The significance of non-invasive imaging techniques, particularly ultrasound, cannot be overstated in the field of obstetrics and gynecology. These methods are not only essential but also revolutionize the way in which diagnoses are made. In recent times, modern imaging tools have taken on a more prominent role in everyday diagnostic processes. The advent of new handheld imaging devices has been a game changer in the realms of gynecology and obstetrics. This technological evolution brings with it the need for specialized training and continuing education for medical professionals to stay abreast of these advancements. While these innovative methods show promise, there is a necessity for ongoing research and evidence to firmly establish their efficacy and value in daily clinical practice. Additionally, the integration of technology in healthcare extends beyond imaging tools. The use of applications (apps) is on the rise among both patients and physicians. These apps serve as valuable

This Special Issue reprint covers the synthesis of luminescent nanomaterials, applications for in vitro and in vivo imaging, detection based on fluorescence resonance energy, and the applications of luminescent nanoparticles for photodynamic activation and solid-state displays, as well as new materials and structures, such as perovskite quantum dots, and novel phenomena, such as aggregation-induced emissions. In total, there are 15 papers (2 reviews and 13 research articles) in this Special Issue consisting of the major areas of upconversion of luminescent nanomaterials; luminescent nanomaterials for solid-state lighting, displays, and anti-counterfeiting; particle-based sensing technology; particle-based therapeutics; and new materials and structures. This Issue represents new developments in luminescence nanotechnology. Related Books Advanced Luminescent Materials and Devices Chemistry & Materials Science Innovative Nanomaterial Properties and Applications in Chemistry, Physics, M

Nowadays, the impact of nanotechnology on applications in medicine and biomedical sciences has broader societal and economic effects, enhancing awareness of the business, regulatory, and administrative aspects of medical applications. The selected papers included in the present Special Issue gives readers a critical, balanced and realistic evaluation of existing nanomedicine developments and future prospects, allowing practitioners to plan and make decisions.The topics of this book covers the use of nanoparticles and nanotechnology in medical applications including biomaterials for tissue regeneration, diagnosis and monitoring, surgery, prosthetics, drug delivery systems, nanocarriers, and wound dressing. I would like to express my gratitude to all contributors to this issue, who have given so much of their time and effort to help create this collection of high quality papers. Related Books Biomedical Applications of Nanoparticles Biology & Life Sciences ... Nanomaterials for Biomed

The book includes original research and review articles covering different aspects of the exploitation of bioactive compounds recovered from vegetables and plants as natural ingredients for nutraceutical purposes and for crop protection. Innovative approaches for the extraction of bioactives from different plant species are detailed together with up-to-date methods and results of investigations on the quali-quantitative fingerprint of the obtained extracts. Sustainability of the extraction processes is also considered, with studies focused on the reuse of agri-food industry wastes with a view to a circular economy. Additionally, biotechnological and microbial-based approches are addressed with studies aiming for the recovery of biactives from bacterial and fungi microrganisms and using microrganisms to improve the bioactives' extraction performances. In vivo tests and in vitro bioassays to support biological activity of purified compounds, complex extracts and/or combined extracts de

This book discusses the geological time that will follow the human-dominated epoch and ways to move there. In addition to an editorial, a total of five articles are published in this volume. The articles engage with a variety of social science disciplines—ranging from economics and sociology to philosophy and political science—and connect to natural science’s insights into the Anthropocene. The volume calls for going beyond anthropocentrism in sustainability theory and practice in order to exit the Anthropocene with applications and insights in the contexts of politics, energy, tourism, food and management. We hope that you will find this book interesting and helpful in contributing to sustainable change. Related Books Faith after the Anthropocene Social Sciences, Arts & Humanities ... Tropical Forest Ecology and Management for the Anthropocene Biology & Life Sciences ... Historical Ecology, Archaeology and Biocultural Landscapes: Cross-Disciplinary Approaches to the Long Anthropocene

The rapid advancement of deep learning technology has brought about transformative breakthroughs in perception and recognition systems across a wide range of applications. In addition to driving innovation in industrial sectors, it has opened up significant opportunities in fields such as intelligent transportation, smart cities, healthcare, and robotics. Deep learning significantly enhances the accuracy and robustness of perception and recognition systems through hierarchical feature extraction in multilayer neural networks, achieving remarkable results in areas such as soft sensing, image classification, natural language processing, and object detection. By training on large volumes of labeled data, deep learning algorithms are able to automatically learn complex feature representations and efficiently recognize objects during the perception process. As application scenarios grow more complex and data become increasingly diverse, deep learning models continue to face significant challenges in solving real-world perception and recognition problems. These challenges include ensuring model generalization when dealing with noisy, imbalanced, or limited data; enhancing performance through self-supervised, few-shot, or transfer learning in cases of insufficient labeled data; integrating information across different scales, dimensions, and modalities.

In recent years, numerous advances have been made in the area of conservation methodologies and practices for architectural cultural heritage. The use of innovative technologies and multidisciplinary approaches can be considered valuable tools to support the conservation, fruition, rehabilitation, and valorization of historical–artistic buildings, which are usually subject to protective restrictions and therefore require non-invasive or micro-destructive diagnostic analyses. This reprint collects research articles on architectural heritage conservation, focusing on materials science, diagnostics and monitoring, chemical analysis, intervention, civil and materials engineering, green materials, and the use of innovative digital technologies.