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The fields of quantum electronics (e.g., quantum dots and superconducting circuits) and optoelectronics have garnered much interest in the past few years. They deal with quantum and optical platforms in combination with electronic and condensed matter systems, which may serve as building blocks for a plethora of applications in quantum computing and optical technology.In this reprint, we reprint the articles of the Special Issue "Quantum and Optoelectronic Devices, Circuits and Systems", published in Electronics (MDPI). Related Books Optical and Quantum Electronics Chemistry & Materials Science ... Photonic and Optoelectronic Devices and Systems, Third Edition Engineering Application of Advanced Quantum Dots Films in Optoelectronics Engineering Basics and Applications in Quantum Optics Physical Sciences Integrated Photonics and Optoelectronics Engineering ... The recommendations have been generated using an AI system. About: About MDPI Books Advisory Board Legal Information: MD

The large production and widespread daily consumption of plastic materials which began in the last century, together with the often inadequate collection and recycling systems, have made plastics and, consequently, microplastics (MPs) ubiquitous pollutants. Microplastic pollution as a global concern is confirmed by the research papers collected in this Special Issue; these papers come from 28 Universities and research institutions and are spread across ten countries on three continents. This Special Issue collected and published 11 novel contributions focusing on microplastics in aquatic environments, their occurrence and distribution, and the effects they might have on the environment and biota. As Guest Editors of this Special Issue, we were pleased to receive several papers concerning the interaction between microplastics and biota; despite a large number of peer-reviewed papers published on this research topic, there are still several gaps that need to be filled and there is conc

Genomics technologies revolutionised biomedicine research, but the genome alone is not sufficient to capture biological complexity. Postgenomic methods, typically based on mass spectrometry, comprise the analysis of metabolites, lipids, and proteins and are an essential complement to genomics and transcriptomics. Multidimensional omics is becoming established to provide accurate and comprehensive state descriptions. This book covers the latest methodological developments for, and applications of integrative multi-omics in biomedical research. Related Books Multi-Omics for the Understanding of Brain Diseases Biology & Life Sciences ... Application of Multi-Omics Analysis in Cancer Diagnosis, Treatment and Prognosis Biology & Life Sciences Omics Technologies in Food Science Biology & Life Sciences Systems Analytics and Integration of Big Omics Data Biology & Life Sciences ... Omics Approaches for Crop Improvement Biology & Life Sciences The recommendations have been generated using an

During the past five decades, we have witnessed a tremendous evolution in water resource system management. Three characteristics of this evolution are of particular note: First, the application of the systems approach to complex water management problems has been established as one of the most important advances in the field of water resource management. Second, the past five decades have brought a remarkable transformation of attitude in the water resource management community towards environmental concerns and action to address these concerns. Third, applying the principles of sustainability to water resource decision-making requires major changes in the objectives on which decisions are based, and an understanding of the complicated inter-relationships between existing ecological, economic, and social factors. The Special Issue includes 15 contributions that offer insights into contemporary problems, approaches, and issues related to the management of complex water resources syste

This Reprint on Quantitative Supply Chain Management features research that applies advanced analytical and optimisation methods to diverse supply chain challenges. Topics include procurement coordination using swap and wholesale contracts, facility location under uncertain demand with distributionally robust optimisation, inventory control under demand shocks and deteriorating items, and strategic interactions in shared infrastructure using evolutionary game theory. Other contributions explore shortage policies with complex batch arrivals, emission-reduction technology decisions in port supply chains, and cost-optimised maintenance planning for offshore wind farms that considers weather-dependent failure rates. Collectively, these studies demonstrate how quantitative models—ranging from stochastic programming and game theory to robust and fuzzy optimisation—can improve decision-making, resilience, and sustainability in modern supply chains. This Reprint highlights how quantitative models—ranging from mixed-integer optimisation to simulation and artificial intelligence—can effectively support decision-making in real-world logistics, manufacturing, and service systems. Designed for researchers, practitioners, and postgraduate students in operations research, industrial engineering, and logistics, this Reprint aims to inspire the development and application of robust quantitative methods that drive innovation and strategic decision-making in modern supply chain management.

Electroencephalography (EEG) is a well-established non-invasive tool used to record brain electrophysiological activity. It is economical, portable, easy to administer, and widely available in most hospitals. Compared with other neuroimaging techniques that provide information about the anatomical structure (e.g., MRI, CT, and fMRI), EEG offers ultra-high time resolution, which is critical in understanding brain function. Empirical interpretation of EEG is largely based on recognizing abnormal frequencies in specific biological states, the spatial–temporal and morphological characteristics of paroxysmal or persistent discharges, reactivity to external stimuli and activation procedures, or intermittent photic stimulation. Despite being useful in many instances, these practical approaches to interpreting EEGs can leave important dynamic and nonlinear interactions between various brain network anatomical constituents undetected within the recordings, as such interactions are far beyond the observational capabilities of any specially trained physician in this field. This reprint provides a collection of original high-quality research in EEG signal pre-processing, modelling, analysis, and applications in the time, space, frequency, or time–frequency domains, particularly in applications of artificial intelligence and machine learning approaches.

This Special Issue of the journal Axioms pays tribute to Professor Hong-Kun Xu’s significant contributions and details recent important advances in theory, methods, and applications of nonlinear analysis, optimization theory, fixed point theory, and algorithms for nonlinear problems. It comprises original, creative, and high-quality research papers that inspire advances in fixed point, coincidence point, and best proximity point theory, set-valued analysis, nonlinear and variational methods for ODEs and PDEs, non-smooth analysis and optimization, inverse and ill-posed problems, convex analysis, matrix theory, and their applications. Related Books 10th Anniversary of Axioms: Mathematical Analysis Computer Science & Mathematics 10th Anniversary of Axioms: Mathematical Physics Physical Sciences Mathematical Analysis and Applications II Computer Science & Mathematics New Developments in Geometric Function Theory Computer Science & Mathematics 10th Anniversary of Axioms: Logic Computer S

miRNAs are small noncoding RNAs that control gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. It has been recognized that dysregulation of miRNAs reflects the state and function of cells and tissues, contributing to their dysfunction. The identification of hundreds of extracellular miRNAs in biological fluids has underscored their potential in the field of biomarker research. In addition, the therapeutic potential of miRNAs is receiving increasing attention in numerous conditions. On the other hand, many operational issues, including stability, delivery systems, and bioavailability, have yet to be resolved. In this dynamic field, biopharmaceutical companies are increasingly engaged, and ongoing clinical trials point to anti-miR and miR-mimic molecules as novel classes of molecules for upcoming therapeutic applications. This reprint aims to provide a broad overview of current knowledge on several outstanding issues and new opportunities offered by miRNAs in the treatment of diseases

The wide spread of COVID-19 has had significant and negative effects on human well-being, but it has also had a negative impact on many important diseases. It has necessitated a major reorganisation of emergency care facilities to accommodate the additional workload anticipated with the rapid surge in critically ill patients with COVID-19. Previous reports have demonstrated a reduction in admissions for different conditions such as acute coronary syndrome or decreased use of coronary procedures in various countries affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, leading to an increase in out-of-hospital deaths and long-term complications of myocardial infarction and missed opportunities to offer secondary prevention treatment for patients with coronary heart disease.In this context, we do not know what impacts these events may have had on psychology and sexuality. In fact, the global pandemic of COVID-19 has significantly impacted people’s sexual desire and behaviours.Besides these events, the da

The future food systems will have to provide food and nutrition security while facing unprecedented sustainability challenges: this underlines the need for a transition to more sustainable food systems. Taking into account these premises and considering the complexity of food systems, this book aims to present original research articles, reviews, and commentaries concerning the following:Advancements in food and beverage;Dietary supplements, nutraceuticals, and functional food;Food allergy and public health;Food and nutritional toxicology;Food biotechnology and food processing;Food microbiology and food safety;Food packaging;Food safety and food inspection;Food security and environmental impacts;Food waste management;Nutrition and metabolism;Sustainable food systems and agro-ecological food production. Related Books Innovations in the Food System: Exploring the Future of Food Biology & Life Sciences Challenging the Status Quo to Shape Food Systems Transformation from a Nutritional a

This book is aimed at serving researchers, engineers, scientists, and engineering graduate and PhD students of engineering and physical science together with individuals interested in engineering and science. This book focuses on the application of engineering methods to complex systems including transportation, building, and manufacturing, with approaches representing a wide variety of disciplines of engineering and science. Throughout the book, great emphases are placed on engineering applications of complex systems, as well as the methodologies of automation, including artificial intelligence, automated and intelligent control, energy analysis, energy modelling, energy management, and optimised energy efficiency. The significant impact of recent studies that have been selected for presentation are of high interest in engineering complex systems. An attempt has been made to expose the reading audience of engineers and researchers to a broad range of theoretical and practical topics.

Groundwater is the most abundant freshwater resource available on Earth. It is a source of drinking water for more than 2 billion people, also providing more than 40\% of water resources for irrigated agriculture. Land use change accompanied with various human activities is expected to have substantial impact on groundwater quality and contamination at regional scales throughout the twenty-first century, especially in urbanized areas. For example, the wholesale transformation of agricultural and natural ecosystems to more intensive uses of urbanization and industrialization has a strong negative impact on groundwater quality worldwide. As a consequence, in order to enhance the utility of groundwater resources under the condition of land use change, knowledge on the status of groundwater quality and contamination at regional scales is required. Therefore, this reprint presents a vast array of information on regional groundwater quality and contamination in several countries such as China, India, Uganda, and Ethiopia. In addition, a systematic review on advanced analytical approaches for phenolic compounds in groundwater was also included. We hope that it will be a useful reference for related readers, hydrogeologists, and departments of water resources’ development and utilization.

This Reprint showcases recent advancements in glaucoma diagnosis and treatment, featuring studies on deep learning for disease detection, genetic influences on progression, and links between systemic conditions like diabetes and glaucoma. It highlights the role of OCTA in assessing microvascular changes, immune responses in glaucoma, and outcomes of minimally invasive surgeries. Additionally, the articles within the Reprint explore the therapeutic potential of nicotinamide, novel structural biomarkers, and sensory disturbances related to glaucoma. This Reprint serves as a valuable resource for clinicians and researchers seeking the latest insights in glaucoma care.

Over the last few decades, nanomedicine has become a hot topic in formulation science regarding selectively delivering drugs to target tissues. Nanomedicines can modify drug release and encapsulate poorly soluble drugs, allowing for a selective targeting and minimizing adverse effects. This is of key importance in antitumoral and anti-infectious therapies, in which undesired drug release can lead to severe damage to healthy tissues. Moreover, they protect drugs from degradation, allowing for the the delivery of RNA. This reprint encompasses works describing the design, development and characterization of lipid nanomedicines, dendrimers and virus nanoparticles among others, as well as the evaluation of their toxicity and their anticancer and antifungal efficacy. Moreover, it analyzes the quality assessment of nanomedicines under clinical investigation. Related Books Engineering and Characterisation of Novel Nanomedicine Formulations, 2nd Edition Biology & Life Sciences ... Nanomedici

Aircraft electrification is one of the most important and strategic initiatives currently supporting the innovation of the aviation industry. This manifests in the well-known more-electric aircraft concept (with the ultimate aim of achieving the all-electric long-term target), which aims to gradually replace onboard systems based on mechanical, hydraulic, or pneumatic power sources with electrically powered ones to reduce the weight and costs, optimize energy, and increase the eco-compatibility and reliability of future aircrafts.A key technological enabler for pursuing these challenging objectives is electro-mechanical actuation. The applicability of electro-mechanical actuators (EMAs) in aerospace has been proved in terms of dynamic performances, but it still entails several concerns in terms of reliability/safety and operation in a harsh environment. In civil aircrafts, EMAs are often avoided for safety-critical functions (flight controls, brakes, landing gears, and nose wheel ste

Biomaterials can be used as implantable devices or drug delivery platforms, and have significant impacts on a patient’s quality of life. Indeed, every year, a substantial number of new biomaterials and scaffolding systems are engineered and introduced in the biomedical field, with increased health benefits. However, their long-term use can be threatened by the adhesion and proliferation of microorganisms or by the formation of fibrosis. Pathogenic microorganisms may cause local infections and lead to implant failures. Additionally, they can hinder the delivery of therapeutic molecules by specialized carriers, rendering them ineffective. Many alternatives have been proposed over the years to prevent such events, including the use of antiseptics and antibiotics, or physical modifications of the biomaterial surface with the incorporation of biomolecules. From specialized polymers and functional groups to silver and, more recently, antimicrobial peptides and natural extracts, different f

This book collects contributions to the Special Issue entitled "Symmetries in Quantum Mechanics and Statistical Physics" of the journal Symmetry. These contributions focus on recent advancements in the study of PT–invariance of non-Hermitian Hamiltonians, the supersymmetric quantum mechanics of relativistic and non-relativisitc systems, duality transformations for power–law potentials and conformal transformations. New aspects on the spreading of wave packets are also discussed. Related Books Symmetries in Quantum Mechanics Chemistry & Materials Science ... Symmetry in Many-Body Physics Physical Sciences Quantum Mechanics Biology & Life Sciences Symmetry in Quantum Optics Models Computer Science & Mathematics Symmetry and Mesoscopic Physics Physical Sciences The recommendations have been generated using an AI system. About: About MDPI Books Advisory Board Legal Information: MDPI Privacy Policy Terms and Conditions Terms of Use Accessibility Sales: Order and Delivery Indexing

Mens sana in corpore sano (a healthy mind in a healthy body) is a Latin phrase taken from Giovenale (Satire, X, 356) that remains relevant and is supported by today’s data regarding genetics and nutrition, and their contribution to mental health. The purpose of this Special Issue on “Nutrition and Fitness: Mental Health” is to provide an update on the latest evidence regarding the association between nutrition, physical activity (and inactivity) and physical fitness, and the mental health of children, adolescents, and adults. Particularly, papers (reviews and clinical or experimental studies) dealing with the association between nutrition, physical fitness, and mental health both in general and with regard to specific mental disorders, and nutrients and physical activity as agents for prevention, treatment, or augmentation of treatment for mental disorders, will be included. Related Books Physical Activity, Nutritional Status, Physical Fitness Public Health & Healthcare Body Image, Nu

This Reprint compiles selected peer-reviewed contributions from the Special Issue “Advanced Nanomaterials-Based (Bio-)Sensors for Electrochemical Detection and Analysis”, presenting recent advances in nanomaterials applied to chemical and biological sensing platforms. While electrochemical sensing represents a central theme, this Reprint also encompasses complementary sensing strategies, including colorimetric, plasmonic, and gas-sensing approaches, reflecting the multidisciplinary nature of modern sensor research. The collected articles explore the synthesis, functionalization, and integration of advanced nanomaterials such as nanoparticles, two-dimensional materials, polymers, metal oxides, and hybrid heterostructures into sensing interfaces. Emphasis is placed on structure–property–performance relationships, signal transduction mechanisms, and analytical applicability across environmental monitoring, food analysis, biomedical diagnostics, and industrial safety. Overall, this Reprint provides a comprehensive overview of how advanced nanomaterials enable diverse sensing modalities, highlighting converging trends that bridge electrochemical and non-electrochemical detection technologies.

This Special Issue summarizes the latest research findings on identifying natural products targeting multiple pathways and body functions that can successfully treat multifactorial diseases. Research articles presented in this issue may be of great interest to pharmacologists, pharmacists, and physicians interested in the complementary treatment of disease.

Next year, there will be a 100-year celebration of quantum mechanics, but there is no consensus on the interpretation of this theory. This reprint presents recent works on one of the most intriguing interpretations, the many-worlds interpretation, presented at a workshop in October 2022 at Tel Aviv University. The many-worlds interpretation solves the measurement problem, avoids action at a distance and indeterminism, and does not contradict empirical evidence. The main question discussed in the workshop was as follows: why is it not in the consensus? Major issues such as preferred basis, the meaning of probability, non-locality, and alternative approaches were discussed, which are increasingly drawing attention in physics and philosophy. The contributions demonstrated a striking diversity in understanding the basic concepts. What are the worlds in the many-worlds interpretation? Do the worlds diverge or split? Is probability objective or subjective, or is it just an illusion? Can we

This reprint focuses on the recent advances in fluid power technology reporting results in a wide range of applications. Studies concerning the developments of pumps both at constant and variable displacement are reported. Analyses are focused on the improvement of efficiency, control, design and pressure ripple reduction. About fluid power, several applications are investigated with the aim of reducing energy losses, in particular implementations in an excavator, a hybrid transmission and a system for agricultural solutions are described.  Applications are studied focusing also on the effects of a particular load holding valve, and facing the relevant aspects of the condition monitoring, failure modes and effects analysis. The fluid power covers a very wide range of application as demonstrated by the paper concerning an exoskeleton device. Finally, a particular application concerning a gas pressure regulator with lower noise emission is reported. Related Books Advances in Fluid

We are experiencing the fourth industrial revolution, a time of significant change and innovation. Independent studies have their limitations, and multidisciplinary convergence that transcends the boundaries of academic disciplines is indispensable. This Special Issue on “Biotechnology and Sports Engineering” aims to share the latest research trends and explore future directions for development. In particular, biotechnology and sports engineering are intimately connected; together, they may significantly improve the quality of human life. Knowledge building is not just a matter of linearly adding to previous information, but making more synergistic and complementary choices. Knowledge must be exchanged continuously between disciplines to advance of human health and wellbeing. I would like to thank all who have contributed to this Special Issue, which would not have been possible without the talent and dedication of many authors, reviewers, and the editorial team of Applied Sciences

The aim of this book is to create a space for contributions on religious freedom in the Global South. The contributions speak to diverse themes underscoring religious freedom in the Global South including the impact of religious freedom on majority and minority religious communities, the relationship between religious freedom and the state, and the relationship between religious freedom and other fundamental human rights. Through the adoption of inter- and multidisciplinary approaches, and with reference to various religions such as Islam, Hinduism, Sufism, Sikhism, and Christianity, contributors address the themes across several regions in the world including Africa, South Asia, South-East Asia, South America, and Eastern Europe. Depending on the social, legal, and political context and by relying on diverse examples such as the Muslim call to prayer (adhan), domestic violence, animal sacrifice, religious conversions, abortion, the rights of LGBT persons, and religious education in