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Polymers are the largest and most versatile class of biomaterials, being extensively applied for therapeutic applications. From natural to synthetic polymers, the possibilities to design and modify their physical-chemical properties make these systems of great interest in a wide range of biomedical applications as diverse as drug delivery systems, organ-on-a-chip, diagnostics, tissue engineering, and so on.In recent years, advances in the synthesis and modification of polymers and characterization techniques have allowed the design of novel biomaterials as well as the study of their biological behavior in vitro and in vivo.The purpose of this Special Issue is to highlight recent achievements in the synthesis and modification of polymers for biomedical applications for final applications in the field of biomedicine. Related Books Polymer Materials in Biomedical Application Biology & Life Sciences Advances in Polymeric Materials for Biomedical Applications Biology & Life Sciences ...

This Special Issue is a collection of top-quality papers from some of the Editorial Board Members of Fluids, Guest Editors, and leading researchers discussing new knowledge or new cutting-edge developments on all aspects of fluid mechanics. Research in turbulence continues to be one of the active areas; other papers focus on mixing, multiphase flows and porous media, slow (creeping) flows, potential flows, non-Newtonian fluids, fluid-structure interaction, and numerical methods. flows, potential flows, non-Newtonian fluids, fluid-structure interaction, and numerical methods. Related Books Recent Advances in Fluid Mechanics: Feature Papers, 2022 Computer Science & Mathematics ... Recent Advances in Fluid Mechanics Engineering The Advances in Fluid Mechanics Engineering Recent Numerical Advances in Fluid Mechanics Computer Science & Mathematics ... Modelling Flows in Pipes and Channels Engineering The recommendations have been generated using an AI system. About: About MDPI Books

Alveolar epithelial cells (AECs) of the lung are important contributors to pulmonary immune functions and to pulmonary development and alveolar repair mechanisms following lung injury. AECI, together with the capillary endothelium, form the extremely thin barrier between alveolar air and blood. AECII produce and metabolize the surface-tension lowering and immune-modulating surfactant and are the progentiors of AECI. A great variety of processes rely on their normal functioning, including maintenance of the alveolar barrier; innate immune defense; and processes of differentiation, senescence, apoptosis, and autophagy. The wide range of AEC functions is nicely reflected by the diversity of topics addressed by the four review and eight original articles contained in this Special Issue of the International Journal of Molecular Sciences. Beyond the broad spectrum of topics, the authors of this issue also made use of an impressive variety of analytical methods, thus further illustrating the

Visual impairment is a primary global challenge in the present era. Lack of awareness, shortage of resources, and a shortage of trained personnel can lead to several retinal disorders, which, in turn, can lead to blindness or severe visual impairment. The human retina is examined through non-invasive procedures such as fundus photography, optical coherence tomography, and fluorescein angiography. From these retinal images, ophthalmologists visually analyze and identify retinal abnormalities associated with various retinal disorders. Automated retinal image analysis is of utmost importance for diagnosing and grading, as well as for monitoring the progression or regression of the disease after surgical and therapeutic intervention. State-of-the-art devices such as portable OCT and smartphone cameras have simplified the acquisition of retinal images to some extent. However, the ever-increasing blind population and the availability of massive computational resources have spurred the urgent need to develop automated retinal imaging applications. The gamut of cutting-edge technologies, such as Artificial Intelligence and deep learning, could be a gateway to resolving these challenges. The domains of retinal image enhancement and registration, multimodal analysis, and multiple disorder detection are in the limelight of retinal imaging. The nine articles in this Special Issue highlight the advancement of retinal imaging applications. The articles in this Special Issue were selected and organized to provide readers with a delightful experience in comprehending the state-of-the-art progress in retinal image processing applications.

The following Special Issue on Healthy, Digital, and Sustainable Buildings and Cities features 16 papers that collectively explore enhancing built and urban environments through a focus on health, technology, and sustainability. Topics include biophilic design, strategies to reduce indoor air pollution, and the Smart Readiness Indicator's application in educational buildings. The included studies also address thermal comfort in sports halls, trends in sustainability research, and project management methodologies for construction projects. Energy efficiency is a key focus, with studies on indirect evaporative cooling, indoor air quality in schools, and building renovation packages in Latvia and Lithuania. The use of low-cost VOC sensors for ventilation and the benefits of eco-friendly building materials are examined. Additionally, the energy consumption of the wine industry is analyzed, providing design guidance for warehouses. Methodologies for developing indoor air quality dashboards and classroom indices in educational facilities are proposed, and the integration of modern technologies in civil engineering education is reviewed. The featured authors also discuss the restoration of historic buildings and the adaptation of refugee camps for sustainability and livability. This collection offers valuable insights and promotes multidisciplinary collaboration in building and urban design of the future.

Artificial intelligence and big data applications are present in almost every corner of life. This reprint of the Special Issue entitled “Artificial Intelligence and Big Data Applications” contains a wide range of works with comprehensive information on image processing, natural language processing, computer vision, sentiment analysis, voice and gesture analysis, and other topics in the field. The latest works in multidisciplinary applications such as legal, healthcare, smart society, cyber–physical systems, and smart agriculture, among others, are also included. This compilation will spark the interest of researchers in the aforementioned fields and will serve as a knowledge base for further research in the future. Related Books Biomedical Application of Big Data and Artificial Intelligence Computer Science & Mathematics Big Data and Artificial Intelligence Public Health & Healthcare ... Big Data and Artificial Intelligence Public Health & Healthcare ... Big Data and Artificial Int

Among the strategies for reducing the negative effects on the environment effected by the uncontrolled consumption and low potential for the recovery of conventional plastics, the synthesis of new biodegradable and recyclable plastics represents one of the most promising methods for minimizing the negative effects of conventional non-biodegradable plastics. The spectrum of existing biodegradable materials is still very narrow; thus, to achieve greater applicability, research is being carried out on biodegradable polymer mixtures, the synthesis of new polymers, and the incorporation of new stabilizers for thermal degradation, alongside the use of other additives such as antibacterials or new and more sustainable plasticizers. Some studies analyze direct applications, such as shape memory foams, new cartilage implants, drug release, etc.The reader can find several studies on the degradation of biodegradable polymers under composting conditions; however, novel bacteria that degrade poly

Functional chitosan-based composites provide recent advances in the field. This reprint explores the preparation and characterization of nanocomposite films, membranes, hydrogels and nanoparticles, emphasizing their potential application as medical devices, packaging, or fuel cells. It will be a useful resource for academic and industry scientists. Related Books The Chitosan Biomaterials Biology & Life Sciences ... Advances in Chitin/Chitosan Characterization and Applications Chemistry & Materials Science The Chitosan Biomaterials Biology & Life Sciences ... Advances of Chitin and Chitosan-Based Materials Chemistry & Materials Science Research Progress on Chitosan Applications Chemistry & Materials Science The recommendations have been generated using an AI system. About: About MDPI Books Advisory Board Legal Information: MDPI Privacy Policy Terms and Conditions Terms of Use Accessibility Sales: Order and Delivery Indexing and Distribution Further Information: Book Series R

Asthma is a multifaceted and puzzling disease. In the present book, well-known scholars offer their expert opinions and revise aspects of our current knowledge of this disease. Using new data (available in the upcoming Global Asthma Network study) on the epidemiology of asthma to explore the everlasting ‘chicken-or-egg’ conundrum,  the authors present clear information on topics such as new biological treatments, new approaches to inhalation combination therapy or sublingual immunotherapy, and present an in-depth exploration of old and new risk factors related to the novel epidemics of non-communicable diseases such as obesity. Regarding the ‘chicken-or-egg’ conundrum, the book offers some information on asthma inception and how this could relate to early lung development. Both editors are grateful for the time and effort that the authors have put into this project, and hope that this book will help healthcare providers to gain a better understanding of this complex disease. Related

This special issue brings together cutting edge research and insightful commentary on the currentl state of the Cancer Nanomedicine field. Related Books Cancer Nanomedicine Medicine & Pharmacology Recent Progress of Nanomedicine and Targeted Drug Delivery for Cancer Treatment Medicine & Pharmacology Recent Advances of Novel Pharmaceutical Designs for Anti-cancer Therapies Biology & Life Sciences Nanocolloids for Nanomedicine and Drug Delivery Chemistry & Materials Science Converging Nanochemistry: From Disease Prevention to Diagnosis and Treatment Biology & Life Sciences The recommendations have been generated using an AI system. About: About MDPI Books Advisory Board Legal Information: MDPI Privacy Policy Terms and Conditions Terms of Use Accessibility Sales: Order and Delivery Indexing and Distribution Further Information: Book Series Reprints Book/Chapter Processing Charges Pay an Invoice Open Access Policy Obtaining an ISBN For Librarians MDPI Initiatives: MDPI Journals

This Reprint, prepared within the Special Issue “Advances in Wine Physicochemical Properties, Sensory Attributes, and Health Benefits”, presents a collection of published articles that highlight current progress in understanding the composition, quality, and potential health-related properties of wine. The collected contributions reflect the diversity and innovation of contemporary wine science. They explore topics ranging from the influence of vineyard environment and winemaking practices on the aromatic and phenolic profile of wines to the use of advanced analytical techniques such as non-destructive spectroscopy and chemometric modeling. Special attention is given to identifying compounds responsible for physicochemical characteristics, sensory perception, and antioxidant activity, supporting the view of wine as a potential functional food. Additional studies examine the role of microorganisms, the impact of technological innovations, and consumer perception, opening opportunities for wines tailored to evolving market expectations and health-conscious lifestyles. By assembling these insights, this Reprint offers a clear overview of the latest research directions and demonstrates how multidisciplinary approaches continue to deepen understanding of wine as a complex chemical, sensory, and biological system. It provides a valuable resource for readers interested in the scientific foundations of wine quality and its potential contribution to well-being.

Advanced manufacturing is a core technological domain critical for modern industrial transformation and enhancing global competitiveness. By deeply integrating traditional manufacturing with technologies such as electronic information, computer science, materials engineering, and intelligent control, it significantly improves manufacturing precision, efficiency, and sustainability. Precision machining, as an essential part of this field, provides key technical support for high-tech industries such as aerospace, medical devices, and semiconductors, including the production of high-performance components such as gears, bearings, and screws. With advancements in precision machining technology, production is not only more refined but also significantly enhanced in terms of efficiency and product quality. This Special Issue, “Advanced Manufacturing and Precision Machining,” consists of ten peer-reviewed papers and explores the latest developments in the field of precision machining, with a focus on balancing high precision and high efficiency in complex manufacturing environments. As intelligent and digital technologies continue to advance, the future of advanced manufacturing will be more efficient, intelligent, and green. Interdisciplinary innovation and technological integration play an increasingly important role in driving progress. This Special Issue can provide crucial theoretical support and practical guidance for researchers and industry professionals.

This Special Issue aims to showcase innovative approaches and applications in sustainable modeling and processes contributing to societal development. Focusing on these advancements aims to bridge the gaps between societies, foster global harmony, and enrich the natural environment. Accordingly, the Special Issue includes research articles and reviews that demonstrate how sustainable modeling and processes can positively impact society. For instance, there are studies on sustainable energy production, eco-friendly manufacturing processes, and waste reduction and management via sustainable conversion. The ultimate aim is to highlight how these approaches can lead to a more harmonious global community while benefiting the environment. Related Books Theory and Practice of Sustainable Economic Development Business & Economics Modelling and Analysis of Sustainability Related Issues in New Era Business & Economics Process Modelling and Simulation Engineering Sustainable Cities and Regions

Fluvial hydraulics deals with the flow of water, the motion of sediment, and the erosion of channel beds in rivers. Fluvial hydraulics is complex because velocity, slope, depth, and channel roughness are all subject to changes resulting from erodible beds and sediment transport due to the presence of in-stream infrastructure, vegetation in channel beds/banks, and ice cover on water surfaces.The aim of this reprint is to present research that improves our knowledge of sediment transport, local scour around in-stream infrastructures, and fluvial processes in the presence of either vegetation in channel beds or ice cover on water surfaces. It aims to include not only the latest advancements in the mechanics of sediment transport and local scour around in-stream infrastructures but also the impacts of vegetation in channel beds on bed deformation and flow structures. Research regarding the interaction between river ice, riverbed deformation, and in-stream infrastructures.In total, twelve

Nanomedicine is among the most promising emerging fields that can provide innovative and radical solutions to unmet needs in pharmaceutical formulation development. Encapsulation of active pharmaceutical ingredients within nano-size carriers offers several benefits, namely, protection of the therapeutic agents from degradation, their increased solubility and bioavailability, improved pharmacokinetics, reduced toxicity, enhanced therapeutic efficacy, decreased drug immunogenicity, targeted delivery, and simultaneous imaging and treatment options with a single system.Poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) is one of the most commonly used polymers in nanomedicine formulations due to its excellent biocompatibility, tunable degradation characteristics, and high versatility. Furthermore, PLGA is approved by the European Medicines Agency (EMA) and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for use in pharmaceutical products. Nanomedicines based on PLGA nanoparticles can offer tremendous opportunitie

This book presents the papers accepted to the Special Issue of the journal Sensors on "Sensors for Fire and Smoke Monitoring". The ten contributions to this book present a unique cross-section of current research priorities related to fire and smoke sensing in the scientific community. Although far from a complete survey, the articles presented demonstrate a growing interest in the use of remote sensing for wildfire research and monitoring, and the pursuit of new technologies for the detection and characterization of smoke, fire and their by-products. Notably, there is a strong interest in processing techniques for extracting increasingly complex products from existing data types. The papers presented provide an accurate reflection of the present focus of our field and provide a balanced introduction to the topic of sensors for fire and smoke monitoring. Related Books Sensor Technology for Smart Homes Engineering Smart Sensing Technologies for Agriculture Biology & Life Sciences ...

This book on ‘Cooperative Learning in Higher Education’ addresses the development of both reflective teaching and learning in higher education to promote sustainable education in several disciplines where reflection is at the core of sustainable development. The book explores reflection within higher education and/or within instructional approaches to higher education, not only via in-house and external individuals, collective initiatives and activities that focus on reflection and the generation of knowledge, but also on the transformative outputs of learning communities. We place an emphasis on reflective practices and communities, as well as linking reflective learning and the development of professional identity through reflection. The book also addresses the connections between theoretical and applied research on reflective practices and knowledge generation in all areas, as well as professional practice and identity through theoretical definitions, situated and grounded practice

The world faces growing water scarcity and pollution, intensified by socioeconomic development and rising demand for clean water. Annually, about 359.4 billion m³ of wastewater is generated globally, with nearly half discharged untreated. Conventional treatment plants, while widely used, are energy-intensive, rely heavily on chemicals, incompletely remove emerging contaminants and pathogens, emit significant greenhouse gases, and operate separately from natural ecosystems. Sustainable, cost-effective alternatives are urgently needed. Constructed wetlands mimic natural wetland processes—using plants, substrates, and microorganisms—to effectively remove pollutants. Recognized as eco-friendly and efficient nature-based solutions, they offer multiple benefits, including water purification, resource recovery, carbon sequestration, stormwater management, biodiversity support, and opportunities for education and recreation. This Reprint tackles current challenges in constructed wetlands, such as carbon emission reduction and removal of emerging contaminants. The studies provide insights to advance innovative applications and enhance the mechanistic understanding of wetlands for sustainable pollution control.

In synthetic processes that produce polycrystalline material, e.g., zeolites in solvothermal synthesis, or composite materials, such as cement or products from nature, e.g., shells, the use of powder X-ray diffraction is essential for the structural characterization of materials. In recent years, the development of computer programs for structure solution and analysis of powder diffraction data has made it possible to determine the crystal structure of polycrystalline materials, making powder X-ray diffraction an even more valuable method. In addition, powder X-ray diffraction data can also provide important information about the microstructural features, porosity and thermal expansion of the material. This Special Issue is dedicated to the use of powder X-ray diffraction data in the study of various polycrystalline materials to provide insight into the structure–property correlation and the evaluation of various properties, highlighting potential applications and performance of polycrystalline materials.

This Special Issue explores the origin, structure, function, and other properties of a wide range of raw starches, including their production and application in food, industry, and the environment. This Special Issue covers the separation process, modification and other technical means of starch, and explains the relationship between the separation process, modification technology and morphology, structure, and physicochemical and functional properties of starch granules. Understanding the structural changes induced by the processing technology and the digestive and antidigestive properties of starch is an essential theme of this Special Issue. Current and emerging trends in starch applications are also presented. This Special Issue also details the microstructure of starch, the multiscale structure of starch (including the amylose/amylopectin ratio, fine structures of amylose and amylopectin, short-range ordered structures, helical structures, crystalline features, and lamellar stru

The present reprint contains five articles accepted and published in the Special Issue “Logic and Computation 2023” of the MDPI “Mathematics” journal, covering several topics on computing science based on some form of logic. These topics include the model theory for formal logic-based formal specification and programming, logic mining and logic for games. It is hoped that the reprint will be interesting and useful for those working in the area of applying logic to computing. Related Books Fuzzy Logic and Computational Intelligence Computer Science & Mathematics Fuzzy Logic and Soft Computing – Dedicated to the Centenary of the Birth of Lotfi A. Zadeh (1921-2017) Computer Science & Mathematics Fuzzy Sets, Fuzzy Logic and Their Applications 2021 Computer Science & Mathematics 10th Anniversary of Axioms: Logic Computer Science & Mathematics Advances in Computational Mathematics and Applied Mathematics Computer Science & Mathematics The recommendations have been generated using an AI s

The present book contains all the articles accepted and published in the Special Issue “Advances in Artificial Intelligence: Models, Optimization, and Machine Learning” of the MDPI Mathematics journal, which covers a wide range of topics connected to the theory and applications of artificial intelligence and its subfields. These topics include, among others, deep learning and classic machine learning algorithms, neural modelling, architectures and learning algorithms, biologically inspired optimization algorithms, algorithms for autonomous driving, probabilistic models and Bayesian reasoning, intelligent agents and multiagent systems. We hope that the scientific results presented in this book will serve as valuable sources of documentation and inspiration for anyone willing to pursue research in artificial intelligence, machine learning and their widespread applications. Related Books Advances in Artificial Intelligence Computer Science & Mathematics Computational Optimizations for

In the framework of the section on Wastewater Treatment and Reuse launched by the Editorial Office of Water, we proposed a Special Issue titled Advanced Oxidation Processes for Water and Wastewater Treatment. One review and nine research papers were published in this Issue of Water from March 2020 to March 2021 after a rigorous peer-review. Nonetheless, a printed book gathering them in an organized manner would be very useful. The book format allows one to browse through the articles in a much easier way. Anybody in a laboratory/classroom can have the printed book at hand for consultation at any time. This book contains articles written by several experts on Advanced Oxidation Processes, particularly focused in electrochemical treatments. Its publication will allow the scientific community interested in this domain to possess a book of distinctive value at an affordable price. Related Books Urban and Industrial Wastewater Disinfection and Decontamination by Advanced Oxidation Proces

Every minute, 34 new patients are diagnosed with cancer globally. Although over the past 50 years treatments have improved and survival rates have increased dramatically for several types of cancers, many remain incurable. Several aggressive types of blood and solid cancers form when mutations occur in a critical cellular signaling pathway, the JAK-STAT pathway; (Janus Kinase-Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription). Currently, there are no clinically available drugs that target the oncogenic STAT3/5 proteins in particular or their Gain of Function hyperactive mutant products. Here, we summarize targeting approaches on STAT3/5, as the field moves towards clinical applications as well as we illuminate on upstream or downstream JAK-STAT pathway interference with kinase inhibitors, heat shock protein blockers or changing nuclear import/export processes. We cover the design paradigms and medicinal chemistry approaches to illuminate progress and challenges in understanding the ple