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The scientific community has long recognized that diversity fosters innovation and progress. Over recent decades, women have increasingly contributed to entomological research, enriching the field with new perspectives and approaches. Nevertheless, despite representing 40–50\% of doctoral graduates, women remain underrepresented in academic and institutional positions and are often underemployed. This Special Issue of Insects, entitled “Women’s Special Issue Series: Insects”, celebrates the scientific achievements of women who have shaped and continue to shape insect science. By highlighting their contributions, the initiative emphasizes the importance of equity, inclusion, and collaboration as drivers of scientific advancement and aims to promote a more balanced and supportive research community. The papers included demonstrate the breadth and excellence of women-led research across insect science. Topics range from molecular biology and genetics, addressing gene expression, adaptation, and responses to chemical stressors, to ecology and conservation, focusing on species distribution, habitat connectivity, and biodiversity. Overall, this Special Issue illustrates how women-led entomological research continues to expand the frontiers of knowledge, advancing both fundamental science and applied solutions with clear societal relevance.

Plants face constant challenges from biotic and abiotic stresses, which trigger complex defense mechanisms. This Reprint focuses on research related to biotic and abiotic stresses. Under biotic stress, plants employ pattern-triggered immunity and effector-triggered immunity to recognize and counteract invaders. Key responses include the production of reactive oxygen species, phytohormone signaling, and the synthesis of antimicrobial compounds. Under abiotic stress, the following are involved: ROS mitigation by antioxidants; protein and membrane stabilization by heat shock proteins (HSPs) and cold-responsive genes (COR), and osmoprotectants; and the upregulation of aquaporins. Hormonal pathways, particularly abscisic acid (ABA), play central roles in coordinating stress responses and regulating stomatal closure and gene expression. Understanding these mechanisms is critical for developing stress-resistant crops through genetic engineering or breeding, ensuring food security under changing environmental pressures.

Research on the flow and heat transfer characteristics of multiphase flow has received great attention due to its widespread applications in various fields of engineering and science, such as agricultural engineering, petrochemical engineering, biomedical engineering, chemistry processes, nuclear engineering, ocean engineering, and energy storage technologies, etc. This reprint aims to provide an effective platform and demonstrate the latest progress in the area of flow and heat transfer in multiphase flow and porous media; it contains experimental studies, numerical simulation, theoretical derivation and analysis, and engineering applications. Related Books Phase Change, Interphase Coupling, and Multiphase Transport in Porous Structures Chemistry & Materials Science ... Flow and Heat or Mass Transfer in the Chemical Process Industry Engineering Selected Problems in Fluid Flow and Heat Transfer Engineering Heat and Mass Transfer in Porous Materials Engineering Heat and Mass Transfer

The survival of plants under stressful environments requires the study of the mechanisms that help in reversing the adverse impacts of reactive oxygen species (ROS) excessively generated under these conditions. Understanding the mechanisms helps in adopting strategies to induce such mechanisms for the better acclimation of plants. These ROS, if not scavenged, cause damage of cellular components, including lipids, proteins, nucleic acids, and metabolites, and, in extreme cases, even the death of cells in plants. Confronted with abiotic stress, there is an initial elevation in ROS that activates redox signaling to initiate defense in plants through the activation of antioxidant activity. The improvement in the capacity of antioxidant machinery is one of the essential strategies with which to develop tolerance and relieve the pressure of abiotic-stress-induced oxidative changes for the survival of plants. This reprint provides knowledge on the following aspects: Impact of abiotic stress

The present book contributes to the public administration literature by providing new insights into corporate social responsibility (CSR), sustainability initiatives, and stakeholder engagement in the higher education context. The fourteen papers published in this Special Issue discuss the role of public universities in promoting sustainability actions, university missions, and Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) embedded in the 2030 UN Agenda. In each contribution, avenues for research are suggested and, most importantly, stronger analytical connections are advocated between these inter-related research areas. In more detail, two papers focus their attention on university transparency and the processes’ complexity in public institutions. Furthermore, two papers focus on CSR teaching and education, three papers analyze universities’ social responsibility initiatives, and five papers focus on the SDGs. Lastly, taking into account how social networks have changed university communicat

Owing to their unique characteristics, direct wide bandgap energy, large breakdown field, and excellent electron transport properties, including operation at high temperature environments and low sensitivity to ionizing radiation, gallium nitride (GaN) and related group III-nitride heterostructures proved to be enabling materials for advanced optoelectronic and electronic devices and systems. Today, they are widely used in high performing short wavelength light emitting diodes (LEDs) and laser diodes (LDs), high performing radar, wireless telecommunications, as well ‘green’ power electronics. Impressive progress in GaN technology over the last 25 years has been driven by a continuously growing need for more advanced systems, and still new challenges arise and need to be solved. Actually, lighting industry, RF defene industry, and 5G mmWave telecommunication systems are driving forces for further intense research in order to reach full potential of GaN-based semiconductors. In the lit

Soil erosion by wind is significant to Earth systems and human health. There is a strong interest in understanding the factors and processes of soil erosion by wind as well as in developing and applying methods to control dust emission from soils and to stabilize active sands. The Special Issue contains information on applications of natural and synthetic materials to reduce soil erosion, development of materials and methods, experimental methods and modeling, impacts on the soil quality and the environments, and quantification of the efficiency in dust control and sand stabilization applications. Related Books Soil Erosion: Dust Control and Sand Stabilization, Volume II Environmental & Earth Sciences ... Soil Water Erosion Computer Science & Mathematics ... Soil Erosion and Sustainable Land Management (SLM) Environmental & Earth Sciences The Effect of Hydrology on Soil Erosion Environmental & Earth Sciences Modeling of Soil Erosion and Sediment Transport Environmental & Earth Science

Clay minerals are fundamental components of sedimentary basins and play a complex, dual role in the petroleum industry. While they are essential constituents of source and reservoir rocks, their unique physicochemical properties often pose significant engineering challenges during drilling, completion, and production.This Special Issue features comprehensive reviews on nanofibrous clays and mechanical inhibitors, alongside original research on novel shale stabilizers and high-temperature drilling fluid composites. Several studies delve into the mechanisms of wellbore instability and reservoir damage, with case studies focusing on the Zhengning oilfield and the Gulong shale oil reservoir in China. Furthermore, the collection addresses critical petrophysical interpretation challenges in high-resistivity shales and glauconite-rich greensand reservoirs, and evaluates the performance of palygorskite as a sustainable extender in cementing operations.By bridging mineralogy with petroleum engineering, this Special Issue provides valuable insights for researchers and industry professionals seeking to optimize drilling performance and improve reservoir management in clay-rich formations. The findings contribute to a deeper understanding of how to leverage the beneficial properties of clay minerals while mitigating their problematic impacts in the global energy exploration landscape.

In recent years, Polish scientists have become one of the most powerful groups of scientists in the world. Investigating and developing numerous studies on the synthesis and application of a new group of functional materials, including inorganic, organic, hybrid, and composite materials, they have created new solutions and opened up new possibilities for their use as sophisticated solutions, facilitating various technological processes and improving their efficiency, answering scientific questions, and benefiting society. This Special Issue is a compilation of high-impact articles by Polish authors on the synthesis, characterization, and application of novel materials of different origin in various scientific and industrial fields. The studies present up-to-date solutions on the design and development of innovative materials with engineered properties, theoretical considerations on the fundamental basis of mechanical and molecular interactions, and the potential practical use of new materials of interest to a wide audience. The collection includes original research papers that describe the fundamentals of materials science and engineering, as well as review articles that summarize the current state of knowledge.

The application of fault diagnosis techniques in PMSMs involves the identification and localization of faults such as stator winding, rotor, and sensor faults. Various methods, including model-based approaches, signal processing techniques, and machine learning algorithms, are employed for fault detection and diagnosis. These techniques analyze motor currents, voltages, and other operational parameters to detect deviations from normal behavior, enabling timely intervention and maintenance. Moreover, fault-tolerant control strategies play a crucial role in ensuring the continued operation of PMSMs even in the presence of faults. By intelligently reconfiguring the motor operation and redistributing currents among healthy windings, fault-tolerant control systems can mitigate the effects of faults and maintain satisfactory performance levels. The significance of applying fault diagnosis and fault-tolerant control in PMSMs lies in their ability to minimize downtime, reduce maintenance cos

Recently, aluminium scandium nitride (AlScN) emerged as a material with superior properties compared to aluminium nitride (AlN). Substituting Al with Sc in AlN leads to a dramatic increase in the piezoelectric coefficient as well as in electromechanical coupling. This discovery finally allowed us to overcome the limitations of AlN thin films in various piezoelectric applications while still enabling us to benefit from all of the advantages of the parent material system, such as a high temperature stability, CMOS compatibility, and good mechanical properties. Potential applications include RF filters (bulk acoustic wave (BAW) or surface acoustic wave (SAW) resonators), energy harvesting, sensing applications, and infra-red detectors. The recent progress in MOCVD- and MBE-grown AlScN has led to high-frequency and -power electronics, (high-electron-mobility transistors (HEMTs)). AlScN is the first wurtzite III-nitride where ferroelectric switching was observed, allowing for many new pos

Food allergy, a specific immune response that occurs reproducibly upon exposure to a food allergen, is an increasing public health problem, causing a significant burden for affected patients, resulting in dietary restrictions, fear of accidental ingestions and related risk of severe reactions, and reduced quality of life. Clinical presentation ranges from mild to life-threatening symptoms. Component-resolved diagnosis with recombinant allergens has improved the diagnosis and, consequently, clinical management. Currently, there is no specific treatment for food allergy, so the only available management is limited to strict dietary avoidance, education on prompt recognition of symptoms, and emergency treatment of adverse reaction. In parallel, novel knowledge on the pathogenesis of food allergy is opening the way to new trials investigating several allergen-specific and allergen non-specific therapies, aiming to prevent the development of food allergy and acquire a persistent food tole

Coastal regions are susceptible to rapid changes, as they constitute the boundary between the land and the sea. The resilience of a particular segment of coast depends on many factors, including climate change, sea-level changes, natural and technological hazards, extraction of natural resources, population growth, and tourism. Recent research highlights the strong capabilities for remote sensing applications to monitor, inventory, and analyze the coastal environment. This book contains 12 high-quality and innovative scientific papers that explore, evaluate, and implement the use of remote sensing sensors within both natural and built coastal environments. Related Books Applications of Remote Sensing in Coastal Areas Environmental & Earth Sciences Remote Sensing in Coastline Detection Environmental & Earth Sciences ... Satellite Remote Sensing for Ocean and Coastal Environment Monitoring Environmental & Earth Sciences Coastal Waters Monitoring Using Remote Sensing Technology Environ

Efforts to miniaturize sensing and diagnostic devices and to integrate multiple functions into one device have caused massive growth in the field of microfluidics and this integration is now recognized as an important feature of most new diagnostic approaches. These approaches have and continue to change the field of biosensing and diagnostics. In this Special Issue, we present a small collection of works describing microfluidics with applications in biosensing and diagnostics. Related Books Advances in Microfluidics Technology for Diagnostics and Detection Engineering Application of Microfluidics in Cell Manipulation and Biosensing Engineering Microfluidics for Biosensing Biology & Life Sciences ... MEMS and Microfluidic Devices for Analytical Chemistry and Biosensing Biology & Life Sciences ... Microfluidics for Biomedical Applications Biology & Life Sciences ... The recommendations have been generated using an AI system. About: About MDPI Books Advisory Board Legal Information:

This Special Issue is a collection of research articles in which computational methods were utilized for the development of new drugs, or the repurposing of an old drug for the treatment of new diseases. Moreover, these approaches helped to predict the metabolic fate of a drug candidate and to highlight the potential toxicity of the drug candidate, reducing the number of compounds to be tested. Virtual screening and machine learning tools were revealed to be of great interest in the field of pharmaceutical sciences, pharmacology, chemical biology, and bioinformatics.

In recent decades, researchers have made notable advances in the science of pair bonding, romantic love, and attachment. Access to novel instruments and methods—including fMRI, EEG, and virtual reality—as well as animal studies, has provided a platform to advance our understanding of the factors and mechanisms that underly the formation and maintenance of pair bonds and other attachment relationships. From short to long-term pair bonds, the great variation in relationship strategies has opened up important areas of research. Thus, this Special Issue, entitled "The Advances in the Science of Mating, Love, and Attachment", showcases the emerging and evolving field of relationship science, including a collection of studies that examine romantic relationships through a new lens or build upon existing work. The resulting collection includes 12 peer-reviewed articles, representing seven countries that examine a range of topics on the science of love and attachment, using a variety of methods—including virtual reality, EEG, and Q methodology. Collectively, the works in this Special Issue highlight the richness of relationship science representing countries around the globe, various methods, and topics that reveal the complexity of love and attachment in our species. This Special Issue also marks a goal met of casting a wide net, resulting in a collection of studies that expand borders and broaden our understanding of human relationships around the globe.

Emerging in the 1970s, second language acquisition (SLA) is now a long-established field, illuminating the complexity of language learning among learners in different learning contexts, ages, and developmental stages from diverse perspectives. As an independent field within Applied Linguistics, drawing on a range of cognate fields reflecting its interdisciplinary underpinnings, the field offers a diverse range of potential insights for language practitioners. The latter include language instructors but also language education policy makers, those involved in language testing, and learners themselves. While language acquisition and language education are often confounded, the specificity of their focus is different. Notwithstanding, there is a natural interface between an acquisitional approach and an educational focus to learning a second language. That interface extends beyond instructed second language acquisition (ISLA) as a sub-field of SLA, where there is a strong focus on class

The concept of sustainable development refers to four distinct areas—human, social, economic, and environmental—known as the four pillars of sustainability. Cultural industries are a challenge for the future of culture. This field includes four main topics, namely features, domination, individualization, and the characterization of the culture industry itself. The purpose of cultural industries is important for ensuring the continued development of society and is at the heart of a creative economy for generating considerable economic wealth.Design and cultural creativity will eventually be implemented into specific designs. The complexity of the design itself requires careful consideration in all aspects and especially in the field of engineering. How can we make designs more in line with human nature? How can we implement the spirit and concept of sustainable development in the cultural industry? This all requires mutual cooperation between designers, engineers, and companies. Meanw

The theory around the concept of finite time describes how processes of any nature can be optimized in situations when their rate is required to be non-negligible, i.e., they must come to completion in a finite time. What the theory makes explicit is “the cost of haste”. Intuitively, it is quite obvious that you drive your car differently if you want to reach your destination as quickly as possible as opposed to the case when you are running out of gas. Finite-time thermodynamics quantifies such opposing requirements and may provide the optimal control to achieve the best compromise. The theory was initially developed for heat engines (steam, Otto, Stirling, a.o.) and for refrigerators, but it has by now evolved into essentially all areas of dynamic systems from the most abstract ones to the most practical ones. The present collection shows some fascinating current examples. Related Books The First Half Century of Finite-Time Thermodynamics Physical Sciences Carnot Cycle and Heat En

During cell metabolism, oxygen is partially reduced to reactive oxygen species (ROS) that play a physiological role in cellular processes. However, an imbalance between the production of ROS and the ability of defenses to detoxify the organism provokes oxidative stress. Oxidative stress and its subsequent damages to vital cellular components have been associated with numerous severe chronic disorders. In addition, oxidation reactions are responsible for food deterioration during processing and storage. Peptides from animal and vegetal food sources have attracted attention due to the large evidence of their in vitro antioxidant properties. In addition to their potential as safer alternatives to synthetic antioxidants used to prevent oxidative reactions in foods, antioxidant peptides can also act by reducing the risk of numerous oxidative stress-associated diseases. Furthermore, peptides can act synergistically with nonpeptide antioxidants, enhancing their protective effect.   This S

Marine Drugs is glad to announce its first Special Issue book on “ion channels” related research: Under the great stewardship of the Guest Editor, Dr. Jean-Marc Sabatier, four advanced research articles and three comprehensive review papers were collected in the Special Issue “Ion Channels as Marine Drug Targets”. Join us to explore the advanced research outcomes in this field: α-Conotoxin RgIA and a potent analog, RgIA4, in treatment of pain; botulinum toxin-chitosan nanoparticles in treatment of atrial fibrillation; 27-amino acid (aa)-long δ-conotoxin TxVIA that modulates mammalian CaV3.x; first venomics study of Conus tulipa venom; review on marine toxins targeting Kv1 channels; review on synthetic approaches to zetekitoxin AB; and review on marine natural products and drug resistance in latent tuberculosis. The second edition of this Special Issue is open for submissions, we look forward to your contribution. Related Books Drugs from Marine Sources Biology & Life Sciences ... Ion

The present Reprint contains all 13 articles accepted and published in the Special Issue “Data Mining and Machine Learning in the Era of Big Knowledge and Large Models, 2026” of the MDPI Mathematics journal, which covers a wide range of topics connected to the theory, models, algorithms and applications related to advancing data mining and machine learning in the current age. The topics of these articles focus on Transformer-based named entity recognition, knowledge recommendation, time series analysis, model integration, data quality improvement, hallucinations, and innovative application development. We hope that the Reprint will be both interesting and useful for those working in the area of data mining and machine learning, as well as for those with the proper mathematical background and a willingness to become familiar with recent advances in this field.

The reprint is a compilation of contributions originally published in the Catalysts Special Issue entitled "Exclusive Papers of the Editorial Board Members and Topical Advisory Panel Members of Catalysts", within the Section "Catalytic Materials". It features a collection of 15 papers—1 review and 14 original research articles—spanning a wide range of topics in both homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis. These works reflect the diverse expertise of selected members of the journal’s Editorial Board and Topical Advisory Panel. The volume opens with a brief Editorial from the Guest Editors, summarizing the key scientific achievements presented in the Special Issue.

This reprint of the Special Issue on "Fractional Calculus and Hypergeometric Functions in Complex Analysis" has resulted in the publication of articles covering a wide range of topics. For example, the powerful and prolific tools provided by fractional calculus are combined with hypergeometric functions, which generates exciting results when integrated into studies. Quantum calculus is also involved in various investigations, alongside fractional calculus notions and methods, resulting in new, powerful operators for application in geometric function theory and other connected fields of research. Scholars studying applications of fractional calculus and hypergeometric functions in complex analysis and related fields should find this Special Issue interesting. Related Books Fractional Calculus and Special Functions with Applications Computer Science & Mathematics Fractional Calculus - Theory and Applications Computer Science & Mathematics Applied Mathematics and Fractional Calculus II