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Molecularly imprinted polymers are materials that have voids that are complementary in shape, size, and electronic environment to a specific molecule used for preparation, known as the template. These  voids are specific recognition sites that bind the templates preferentially and are used specifically for biomimetic sensors and for solid-phase extraction. Because the specific surface is very important during this process, the use of films and membranes is preferred. This book contains four articles dedicated to sensor application (three research articles and one review) and one research article dedicated to solid-phase extraction. Related Books Advance in Molecularly Imprinted Polymers Chemistry & Materials Science Biosensors and Molecular Imprinting Biology & Life Sciences Metal Organic Frameworks Biology & Life Sciences ... Polymer Thin Films: From Fundamentals to Applications Chemistry & Materials Science Metal Organic Frameworks Biology & Life Sciences ... The recommendations

Freshwater macroinvertebrates play a crucial role in linking sediments and their processes to the food web. Indeed, environmental modifications (e.g., nitrogen deposition, salinity, and temperature increase), pollution (e.g., pesticides and heavy metals), and introduction of alien species are the main drivers of changes that are affecting their communities. This Special Issue aims to present the past and present knowledge on freshwater macroinvertebrates to understand their role as providers of ecosystem services, to highlight the effects of global changes on their community (in the short and long term), and to underline major gaps in their study. Finally, in order to tackle the currently unsustainable use of freshwater natural capital, we welcome ideas and expert opinions on the development of future research linked to national and international regulations. Related Books Aquatic Insects Biology & Life Sciences ... Freshwater Ecosystems Biology & Life Sciences ... Macrophytes in In

Asthma is a common complex and heterogeneous respiratory disease with an increasing prevalence in developed countries. Asthma is a disease consisting of different phenotypes that are driven by different mechanistic pathways (endotypes). The recognition of these phenotypes and endotypes is central to asthma management entailing prognostic and therapeutic implications. It is acknowledged that despite optimal treatment, many patients are poorly controlled, highlighting the need for phenotype-guided treatments. In this context, the emergence of novel therapies (monoclonal antibody therapy, bronchial thermoplasty) is paving the way for personalized asthma therapy. A better understanding of disease pathogenesis may enable the identification of biomarkers, mediators, novel therapeutic targets, and treatable traits. Further molecular phenotyping or endotyping of asthma will be necessary to tailor new therapeutic strategies. The present Special Issue on Asthma aims to provide the current knowl

This Reprint collects recent advances in statistical simulation and computing, highlighting their central role in modern statistical methodology and data driven research. Simulation-based approaches provide flexible and powerful tools for analyzing complex systems characterized by high dimensionality, stochastic behavior, and computational constraints that limit the use of purely analytical techniques. The Reprint brings together methodological, computational, and applied contributions that reflect current developments in Monte Carlo methods, Bayesian computation, simulation-based inference, and stochastic modeling. Particular attention is given to algorithmic efficiency, scalability, and reproducibility, as well as to the integration of statistical simulation with emerging computational paradigms such as parallel and high-performance computing. By presenting both theoretical developments and practical applications, this Reprint illustrates how statistical simulation supports rigorous inference, uncertainty quantification, and decision making across a broad range of scientific domains, including health sciences, environmental modeling, engineering, and complex data analysis. The collected works provide a comprehensive overview of contemporary trends while offering perspectives that inform future research directions in statistical simulation and computing.

This Reprint reports on cutting-edge research and advances in the field of dental biomaterials. Leading experts share their findings and research results on the development, characterization and application of advanced biomaterials in dentistry. They report on novel biocompatible, durable and efficient dental materials; their mechanical properties; and new fabrication techniques. Topics of interest include, but are not limited to, dental coatings, composites, ceramics, adhesives, dental implants, tissue engineering approaches and bioactive materials. Using computational modeling and simulations, valuable information is provided on promising advances in the development of dental biomaterials.

The aim of this reprint is to present the latest advances in plant genetic engineering and biotechnology published in Plants. In this Special Issue, several important economic and cereal crops, Brassica napus, Brassica juncea, Coffea arabica, Nasturtium officinale, Nicotiana tabacum, Oryza sativa, Passiflora edulis, Solanum betaceum, Solanum tuberosum, and Solanum lycopersicum, are included. Several important gene families, including the cytochrome P450 superfamily, the R2R3-MYB subfamily, the MYB superfamily in Brassica, and the NAC in Passiflora edulis, are extensively analyzed, and the function and potential application of several genes, such as BnCYP704B1a and BnCYP704B1b for genic male sterility, PeNAC-19 for low temperature, and the SUPERMAN-like gene for fruit size control, is determined. A set of new methods is presented for gene transformation and plant propagation. Efficient markers for CMS breeding in oilseed rape and novel reference genes in rice are also reported. In add

The special issue of  Crystals entitled “Synthesis, Crystal Structures and Hirshfeld Surface Analysis of Coordination Compounds” (Volume II) resulted in the publication of 13 articles. The chemistry of coordination compounds plays a vital role in various areas of science, including inorganic chemistry, biochemistry, catalysis, materials science, and medicine. The main goal of this edition was the synthesis of new complex compounds with interesting properties. In order to achieve this goal, it was important to know the crystal structure and intermolecular interactions described by Hirshfeld surfaces. The crystal structure analysis plays a crucial role in predicting and correlating material properties and designing new materials. Whereas the Hirshfeld analysis provides valuable insights into the interactions between atoms in a crystal structure. It can be used to quantify and visualize intermolecular contacts, hydrogen bonding patterns, and other types of non-covalent interactions. Add

This book mainly focuses on the processing and applications of polymer and its composites. With the fast development of the petroleum industry, polymer materials have been widely utilized in our daily lives. The various processing methods of polymers determine the final properties and performance of products. In addition, the introduction of different fillers, including inorganic fillers, metal oxide, natural fibers, and so on, can increase the physical and chemical properties of polymer composites, which will further broaden their practical applications. Special attention will be paid to the type of processing methods and the functional fillers on the performance of polymer composites. Related Books Advances in the Processing and Application of Polymer and Its Composites II Chemistry & Materials Science Advanced Polymer Composite Materials Chemistry & Materials Science Polymer Composites: Structure, Properties and Processing Engineering Advances in Functional Polymers and Composit

The past decade has seen immunotherapy rise to the forefront of cancer treatment. This Special Issue of Cancers aims to elaborate on the latest developments, cutting-edge technologies, and prospects in cancer immunology and immunotherapy. Seventeen exceptional studies, including original contributions and review articles, written by international scientists and physicians, primarily concerning the fields of tumor biology, cancer immunology, therapeutics, and drug development, comprise the main body of this Special Issue. Related Books Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy Resistance Medicine & Pharmacology The Immunology and Biology of Brain Tumors Medicine & Pharmacology Challenges and Opportunities for Effective Cancer Immunotherapies Medicine & Pharmacology Immunotherapy, Tumor Microenvironment and Survival Signaling Medicine & Pharmacology Cell Therapy, Bispecific Antibodies and other Immunotherapies Against Cancer Medicine & Pharmacology The recommendations have been generated us

How do interacting decision-makers make strategic choices? If they’re rational and can somehow predict each other’s behavior, they may find themselves in a Nash equilibrium. However, humans display pervasive and systematic departures from rationality. They often do not conform to the predictions of the Nash equilibrium, or its various refinements. This has led to the growth of behavioral game theory, which accounts for how people actually make strategic decisions by incorporating social preferences, bounded rationality (for example, limited iterated reasoning), and learning from experience. This book brings together new advances in the field of behavioral game theory that help us understand how people actually make strategic decisions in game-theoretic situations. Related Books Game Theory Biology & Life Sciences ... Advances in Behavioural Finance and Economics Business & Economics Game and Decision Theory Applied to Business, Economy and Finance Engineering Asymmetry Indexes, Beha

This Special Issue stemmed from the success of the first edition of the collection entitled “Natural Products Chemistry: Advances in Synthetic, Analytical and Bioactivity Studies”, which was published in Molecules in 2023. Modern chemical sciences, and medicinal chemistry in particular, are strongly related to natural products, which represent a challenge for researchers in terms of their extraction, analytical characterization and synthesis. Flavonoids, alkaloids and terpenes are chemical classes that have attracted the interest of medicinal chemists for the identification and development of novel therapeutic solutions. This Special Issue collected original contributions and review articles that describe the extraction, structural elucidation, synthesis and biological evaluation of natural, semisynthetic derivatives and nature-inspired molecules, with a particular focus on compounds of pharmaceutical interest. As a result, between 2024 and 2025, eight articles (including four research articles and four reviews) were published in this Special Issue, highlighting the strong interest of the scientific community in various aspects of the chemistry of natural compounds. Moreover, this volume had international reach, attracting submissions from authors across the globe, with corresponding authors from China, Ecuador, Italy, Japan, Poland, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, and the USA, along with their collaborators from countries such as Egypt, Palestine, and Ukraine.

Liquid crystals are widely known and used in flat panel displays and TVs, but also from surfactants and detergents, such as washing powder. This publication collects a number of articles and reviews which go beyond the commonly mentioned applications and properties. These are, for example, liquid crystalline elastomers, applications in photonics and sensors, or the role of topology, knotting, and solitons in the description of recently observed director field disturbances of liquid crystals. The timely application of machine learning is discussed in the study along with the characterization of liquid crystals. Interactions with substrates and the use of patterned substrates for novel applications are discussed and studies about lyotropic liquid crystals are reported. All in all, this publication represents a collection of novel aspects of liquid crystals, leaving the more standard structure-property investigations and display studies of the last century, to advance into the 21st century.

The main aim of this reprint was to collect research focusing on data processing using machine learning and deep learning. We invited investigators to contribute both original and review articles, covering the research and development in the areas of data processing using machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL). These areas include solutions that are designed for smart devices. In this reprint, leading experts in the field share their insights, research findings, and visions for the future. Together, we embark on a journey to unlock the potential of effective data processing that involves transforming data from a given format into a more usable and desirable form, rendering them more meaningful and informative. Machine learning (ML), deep learning (DL), and artificial intelligence (AI) have proven to be effective methods for this purpose. Through the utilization of machine learning algorithms, mathematical modeling, or various statistical techniques, the entire process can be au

Dietary habits differ from person to person and usually are determined by cultural habits and traditions that determine lifestyles linked to the socio-demographic characteristics associated with ethnicity. It is known that dietary habits, lifestyle and socio-demographic factors impact human health. Eating disorders, increasing consumption of less-healthy foods, lack of exercise, genetic predisposition, along with other factors, increase risk of diseases such as dyslipidemia, diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, and various mental disorders. This reprint entitled “Dietary Influence on Nutritional Epidemiology, Public Health and Our Lifestyle”, addresses the associations between some dietary patterns, lifestyle and socio-demographic factors, analyzed either separately or in combination, with the risk and management of cardiovascular diseases and mental health problems, such as depression and dementia. This reprint includes nine original articles and one systematic

Recently, many kinds of foods and food-derived nutrients have been reported to show health-beneficial effects. In particular, some foods and food-derived nutrients have shown anti-aging effects on several organs and tissues, such as brain, muscle, skin, intestine, and so on. In some kinds of foods, the molecular basis of their functionalities (e.g., anti-brain aging, anti-sarcopenia, and anti-skin aging) and inter-tissue networks activated by these foods mediated by exosomes, cytokines, and immune cells have been clarified in detail. Related Books Nutrition, Diet and Healthy Aging Biology & Life Sciences Antioxidant and Anti-Aging Action of Plant Polyphenols Medicine & Pharmacology Aging, Natural Bioactive Compounds and Non-communicable Chronic-Degenerative Diseases Public Health & Healthcare Optimising Nutrition to Alleviate Age-Associated Functional Decline Biology & Life Sciences Dietary Strategies for Prevention of Geriatric Diseases and Exploring the Mechanism of Aging Biology

Three-dimensional printing, or additive manufacturing, is an emerging manufacturing process. Research and development are being performed worldwide to provide a better understanding of the science and technology of 3D printing to make high-quality parts in a cost-effective and time-efficient manner. This book includes contemporary, unique, and impactful research on 3D printing from leading organizations worldwide. Related Books 3D Printing Technologies Engineering 3D Printing of MEMS Technology Chemistry & Materials Science ... Advanced Materials in 3D/4D Printing Technology Engineering 3D Printing of Metals Chemistry & Materials Science ... Design and Applications of Additive Manufacturing and 3D Printing Engineering The recommendations have been generated using an AI system. About: About MDPI Books Advisory Board Legal Information: MDPI Privacy Policy Terms and Conditions Terms of Use Accessibility Sales: Order and Delivery Indexing and Distribution Further Information: B

The Special Issue on Advances in Modeling and Management of Urban Water Networks (UWNs) explores four important topics of research in the context of UWNs: asset management, modeling of demand and hydraulics, energy recovery, and pipe burst identification and leakage reduction. In the first topic, the multi-objective optimization of interventions on the network is presented to find trade-off solutions between costs and efficiency. In the second topic, methodologies are presented to simulate and predict demand and to simulate network behavior in emergency scenarios. In the third topic, a methodology is presented for the multi-objective optimization of pump-as-turbine (PAT) installation sites in transmission mains. In the fourth topic, methodologies for pipe burst identification and leakage reduction are presented. As for the urban drainage systems (UDSs), the two explored topics are asset management, with a system upgrade to reduce flooding, and modeling of flow and water quality, with

This Reprint, “Applied Biomechanics and Sports Sciences”, brings together a collection of studies that exemplify the interdisciplinarity nature of biomechanics as applied to human movement and athletic performance. The contributions within explore neuromuscular function, training optimization and sport-specific adaptations across multiple disciplines, including football, swimming, badminton and water polo. By integrating experimental, analytical and applied perspectives, this Reprint highlights how biomechanical assessment and evidence-based strength and conditioning approaches contribute to enhanced performance and injury prevention. This collection provides valuable insights for researchers, coaches and practitioners, seeking to bridge the gap between laboratory and practical sports applications.

This collection of papers describes recent advances in drug delivery systems, with a focus on nanocarriers, controlled release mechanisms, and their biomedical applications. The selected contributions explore a wide range of strategies for improving the therapeutic efficacy and targeting of pharmaceutical compounds through innovative formulation approaches. Strong emphasis is placed on the development of transdermal patches, hydrogels, liposome-based carriers, nanoemulsions, and functionalized nanomaterials, all of which have been designed to optimize drug release profiles and enhance pharmacokinetics. Antibacterial and anticancer applications are particularly well represented, reflecting the current challenges in both infectious disease treatment and oncology. By integrating engineering, pharmaceutical science, and medical research, this collection offers a comprehensive overview of modern approaches to drug delivery and their potential for clinical translation. Furthermore, these works highlight the growing relevance of biocompatible and sustainable materials, along with mathematical modeling for release kinetics, in shaping the future of therapeutic technologies.

The Special Issue includes a collection of papers that present new methods for analyzing, operating, controlling, and protecting future power grids with increasing renewable energy utilization. Specific topics include voltage and var optimization, hardware-in-the-loop testing, the control of wind power systems, distribution system reconfiguration, optimal power flow, load dynamic forecasting, current-limiting reactor operation, risk management for energy markets, resilience maximization, and the control of photovoltaic inverters. Related Books Power System Analysis Control and Operation Engineering Power System Simulation, Control and Optimization Engineering Advanced Control, Optimization, Stability and Reliability of Microgrids and Power Systems Engineering Trends and Challenges in Power System Stability and Control Engineering Control and Optimization Technologies in Renewable Energy and Integrated Energy Systems Engineering The recommendations have been generated using an AI sy

This Special Issue explores recent developments and advanced concepts related to the valorisation of organic wastes and other biomass through the application of anaerobic digestion (AD). Biological phenomena, the efficiency of the AD process, the viability of full-scale AD installations, the integration of hydrogen and biomethane concepts, and biorefineries are some of the themes covered. While AD is addressed under different perspectives, the results all strengthen AD to fulfil its important role as a sustainable and highly versatile technology. Further research and development needs are also presented. Related Books Current Advances in Anaerobic Digestion Technology Biology & Life Sciences ... Anaerobic Co-Digestion of Lignocellulosic Waste Environmental & Earth Sciences ... Biomass and Waste Conversion: Latest Advances and Prospects Environmental & Earth Sciences ... Innovative Solutions for Sustainable Agriculture Biology & Life Sciences ... Biological Treatment of Organic Waste

Nutrition, often along with physical activity, is by now acknowledged as a cornerstone in the prevention and even more so the treatment of many diseases. Indeed, food and nutritional intake nowadays are often thought to be the main source of wellbeing sometimes over- but also underestimating the impact of nutritional intake, dietary pattern and food-derived natural compounds in their impact on human health. In this Special Issue entitled `Clinical Nutrition: Recent Advances and Remaining Challenges´ a broad overview and summary on recent findings in various fields of clinical nutrition with special focus on chronic and degenerative diseases like metabolic diseases, cancers, neurodegenerative diseases, inflammatory bowel diseases, sarcopenia but also malnutrition in elderly, infants and children is provided. Nutrition, often along with physical activity, is by now acknowledged as a cornerstone in the prevention and even more so the treatment of many diseases. Indeed, food and nutriti

This book includes a series of scientific papers published in the Special Issue on Artificial Intelligence and Ambient Intelligence at the journal Electronics MDPI. The book starts with an opinion paper on “Relations between Electronics, Artificial Intelligence and Information Society through Information Society Rules”, presenting relations between information society, electronics and artificial intelligence mainly through twenty-four IS laws. After that, the book continues with a series of technical papers that present applications of Artificial Intelligence and Ambient Intelligence in a variety of fields including affective computing, privacy and security in smart environments, and robotics. More specifically, the first part presents usage of Artificial Intelligence (AI) methods in combination with wearable devices (e.g., smartphones and wristbands) for recognizing human psychological states (e.g., emotions and cognitive load). The second part presents usage of AI methods in combin

Climate change poses a serious challenge to our health and wellbeing. The increasing frequency of extreme weather events such as floods, droughts, and heatwaves, and the direct impacts of changes in temperature have direct impacts on health. At the same time, broader environmental change affects infectious disease risk, air pollution, and other forms of exposure. The different ways in which climate change will affect health are complex, interactive, and different communities are disproportionately affected. International actions such as the Paris Agreement and the Sustainable Development Goals recognise the future risks to society and acknowledge that we are already committed to a certain level of climate change. Future adaptation measures therefore need careful assessment and implementation for us to be able to minimise the potential risks from climate change and, at the same time, maximise the potential health benefits of a cleaner, greener world. This Special Issue comprises origin