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The ninth national conference on applied geochemistry in China will be held in Chengdu, hosted by the committee of applied geochemistry, Chinese Society for Mineralogy, Petrology and Geochemistry (CSMPG). In order to facilitate the academic exchange on applied geochemistry, this Special Issue is intended for the presentation of new advances and case illustrations in the field of applied geochemistry. The guest editors of this Special Issue are Dr. Gong, a professor from China University of Geosciences (Beijing), and Dr. Shi, a professor from the Chengdu University of Technology. This Special Issue was opened on 27 June 2022 and closed on 1 July 2023. A total 14 scientific papers have been published that capture various hot and challenging issues in applied geochemistry. These articles belong to three broad groups: (i) new advances and case illustrations in resource exploration which focus on exploration techniques in covered areas and anomaly determinations of geochemical survey data

Our knowledge of human evolution has made particular progress recently, due to the discovery of new fossils, the use of new methods and multidisciplinary approaches. Moreover, studies on the departure from symmetry, including variations in fluctuating or directional asymmetries, have contributed to the expansion of this knowledge. This Special Issue brings together articles that deal with symmetry and human evolution. The notion of symmetry is addressed, including whether to reconstruct deformed fossil specimens, study biological variations within hominins or compare them with extant primates, address the shape of the brain or seek possible relationships between biological and behavioural data. Related Books Brain Asymmetry in Evolution Biology & Life Sciences Neuroscience, Neurophysiology and Symmetry Biology & Life Sciences Symmetry/Asymmetry of Differential Equations in Biomathematics Computer Science & Mathematics Symmetry and Complexity Computer Science & Mathematics ... Cognit

Endometriosis is defined as the presence of endometrial-like endometrial cells, glands, and stroma outside the uterus, causing a wide range of symptoms and signs, including acute and chronic pelvic pain and infertility. Endometriosis affects approximately 10\% of women of reproductive age, and up to 50\% of infertile women. The etiopathogenesis of endometriosis still remains controversial: immune, hormonal, genetic, and epigenetic factors may be all involved, and several theories have been proposed to explain it.One of the main problems for the management of endometriosis is the significant diagnostic delay: to date, several biomarkers are currently being tested in order to provide a reliable non-invasive diagnosis in case of symptoms and signs suspicious for endometriosis.In addition, ultrasound techniques and magnetic resonance imaging are evolving rapidly, allowing for better accuracy, even with the use of artificial intelligence. Finally, new potential histological makers are helpi

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) represents the most common form of dementia in the elderly population worldwide. AD is characterized by progressive neurodegeneration that leads to a gradual deterioration of memory and other cognitive functions. Given the global prevalence and impact of AD, there is a critical need to establish biomarkers that can be used to detect AD in individuals before the onset of clinical signs and provide mitigating therapeutics. The aim of this Special Issue is to discuss the current knowledge as well as future perspectives on the role of biomarkers in the screening, diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of AD. Related Books Biomarkers in Neurodegenerative Diseases Medicine & Pharmacology Biochemical Biomarkers and Neurodegenerative Diseases Biology & Life Sciences Commemorative Issue Celebrating the 20th Anniversary of the Alzheimer’s Foundation of America: Understanding and Treating Alzheimer’s Disease Medicine & Pharmacology Amyloid-β Biology & Life Sciences Molecul

This Reprint, titled “Seismic Analysis and Design of Ocean and Underground Structures”, presents a curated collection of high-quality research papers addressing the dual challenges of seismic safety in deep marine and complex underground environments. The Reprint explores four primary thematic areas. First, it highlights advanced numerical simulation methods, specifically focusing on complex fluid–structure interaction (FSI) problems. A notable contribution demonstrates the use of the coupled Eulerian–Lagrangian (CEL) method for analyzing submerged floating tunnels, providing a high-fidelity alternative to traditional methods. Other studies investigate sloshing modes in liquid-filled containers and FSI effects. Second, it addresses the structural design of marine-specific facilities, including modular artificial reefs and nuclear power intake tunnels situated on non-uniform soft soils. A significant portion of this Reprint is dedicated to the seismic resilience of underground structures. Extensive research is presented on the impact of weak interlayers and soft soil sites on subway station stability. These studies introduce and validate innovative seismic mitigation components, such as split columns, which significantly enhance structural ductility and reduce internal force compared to traditional designs. Finally, the collection covers lifeline maintenance and subsurface intelligence, examining the reinforcement of corroded steel pipelines with CFRP and advanced reflected wave extraction algorithms for borehole imaging.

This Special Issue elucidates current theoretical and methodological developments in the field of metareasoning, which is concerned with the metacognitive processes that monitor and control our ongoing thinking and reasoning. Monitoring processes evaluate the efficacy of the “object-level” cognition that underpins task performance, including processes that are involved in understanding task information, drawing inferences, and making decisions. In contrast, control processes allocate cognitive resources (e.g., attention and working memory), initiate new strategies, and terminate failing ones. The articles in this Special Issue are organised around three themes: The first relates to the interplay between metareasoning and object-level reasoning when the latter is conceptualised from a “dual-process” perspective, whereby relatively rapid, intuitive, and heuristic processes give rise to default responses that can be intervened with by relatively slow, reflective, and analytic processes. The second theme concerns the nature of individual differences in metareasoning, which is a topic currently under increasing scrutiny. The third theme concerns the way in which metareasoning research is rapidly extending its reach to answer challenging questions in new domains of enquiry beyond those that have traditionally been the preserve of investigations. Such research is giving rise to both valuable methodological developments and important theoretical advancements.

The Special Issue “Body Image, Nutrition, and Mental Health” examines and illuminates the complex relationships among body image, nutrition, and mental health. It covers the psychological and social risk factors of body image disturbances and associated disorders, biological aspects of appetite regulation and the metabolic syndrome, and therapeutic approaches for eating and weight disorders and their health consequences. Related Books Eating and Mental Health Disorders Public Health & Healthcare Body Image and Nutritional Status Among Adolescents and Adults Biology & Life Sciences Nutrition and Fitness Public Health & Healthcare ... Public Health, Nutritional Behavior and Nutritional Status Public Health & Healthcare Recent Advances in Nutritional Psychiatry Medicine & Pharmacology The recommendations have been generated using an AI system. About: About MDPI Books Advisory Board Legal Information: MDPI Privacy Policy Terms and Conditions Terms of Use Accessibility Sales: Orde

This special Issue aimed to collect the latest original research and reviews on the fundamentals and applications of any functional multiphase flow in microfluidics. There were 24 papers submitted to this Special Issue, and 15 papers were accepted. They address numerous topics, mainly on the motion characteristics of particles with different scales and shapes. Related Books Flow and Heat Transfer Research in Multiphase Flow and Porous Media Engineering Gas-Liquid Two-Phase Flow in the Pipe or Channel Engineering Modelling Flows in Pipes and Channels Engineering Particles Separation in Microfluidic Devices, Volume II Biology & Life Sciences Particles Separation in Microfluidic Devices Engineering The recommendations have been generated using an AI system. About: About MDPI Books Advisory Board Legal Information: MDPI Privacy Policy Terms and Conditions Terms of Use Accessibility Sales: Order and Delivery Indexing and Distribution Further Information: Book Series Reprints Boo

Reservoir quality (porosity and permeability) and heterogeneity in carbonate and siliciclastic hydrocarbon reservoirs and groundwater aquifers are significantly constrained by diagenetic processes, such as biological, chemical, biochemical, and mechanical changes, that occur in sediments subsequent to deposition and prior to low-grade metamorphism. Diagenesis, which has a variable but overall important impact on reservoir quality evolution, is controlled by several inter-related parameters. These parameters include the depositional composition of the sediments, depositional facies, sequence stratigraphy, pore water chemistry, burial history and tectonic setting of the basin, and paleoclimatic conditions.Carbonate and siliciclastic sediments often undergo multiple stages of diagenesis, which are related to complex patterns of burial-thermal history (subsidence and uplift) that are controlled by the tectonic evolution of the basin. Tectonic evolution of the basin is controlled by the p

Decision-making on real-world problems, including individual process decisions, requires an appropriate and reliable decision support system. Fuzzy set theory, rough set theory, and neutrosophic set theory, which are MCDM techniques, are useful for modeling complex decision-making problems with imprecise, ambiguous, or vague data.This Special Issue, “Multiple Criteria Decision Making”, aims to incorporate recent developments in the area of the multi-criteria decision-making field. Topics include, but are not limited to:- MCDM optimization in engineering;- Environmental sustainability in engineering processes;- Multi-criteria production and logistics process planning;- New trends in multi-criteria evaluation of sustainable processes;- Multi-criteria decision making in strategic management based on sustainable criteria. Related Books Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Techniques for Improvement Sustainability Engineering Processes Computer Science & Mathematics ... Multi-Criteria Decision

In January 2020, the Center for Science in the Public Interest (CSPI), The Food Trust, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, and Healthy Eating Research (HER) met for a Healthy Retail Research Convention in Washington, D.C. Attendees included food industry representatives, researchers, and nonprofit organizations. The objective of the convention was to develop a national healthy retail research agenda by (1) determining the effectiveness of government policies, corporate practices, and in-store pilots in promoting healthy eating; (2) identifying gaps in the healthy food retail literature and generating questions for future research, with an intentional focus on reducing health disparities and improving equity; (3) highlighting best practices for partnering with retailers and food manufacturers on healthy retail research; (4) facilitating relationships between retailers and researchers to implement and evaluate retail interventions; and (5) identifying existing datasets, ong

Macro- and microalgae, with their different species and biochemical compositions, provide a rich source of functional components such as polysaccharides, polyphenols, pigments, fatty acids, vitamins, and minerals. These components exhibit a spectrum of bioactivities, ranging from antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties to neuroprotective and antitumor effects. Yet, given the vast diversity of these metabolites and their wide distribution in algae, there is a need for updated knowledge on their extraction, characterization, and study. In the Special Issue “The Extraction and Application of Functional Components in Algae”, a collection of articles examines the complex processes involved in extracting functional components from algae, as well as their diverse applications.

Planting equipment’s function is to evenly sow the seeds (seedlings) of crops into seed ditches with certain depths and with a certain sowing amount or spacing, cover them with an appropriate amount of fine and moist soil, and fertilize and suppress them appropriately. Pesticides and herbicides can be sprayed to provide good growth conditions for plant growing, thereby achieving high and stable yields and improving production efficiency. In recent years, crop cultivation has developed in a direction that prioritizes yield and efficiency, placing higher technical demands on planting equipment. Therefore, advanced precision planting technology and equipment, an essential means to promote large-scale agricultural production, has become a research hotspot. This Special Issue focuses on precision seed-metering devices, efficient and low-loss transplanters, seed guide devices, profiling mechanisms, and intelligent planting equipment, aiming to advance technological systems and promote crop cultivation and production.

Amidst geopolitical conflicts and energy trade wars challenging the global energy market, this Special Issue addresses critical aspects of the energy sector's transformation. It focuses on expanding and optimizing the industry, supply, and value chains through digital and innovative strategies to improve market-oriented energy distribution. Data-driven economic growth and digital technology advancements are reshaping energy governance, pushing for a shift towards renewable sources and digital solutions to overcome traditional system limitations and the "impossible triangle" of energy security, economic growth, and efficiency. This collection of 10 papers explores the opportunities and challenges in digital governance and sustainable development within the energy sector. By examining the rapid evolution of the digital economy and the urgent need for low-carbon solutions, this Special Issue contributes valuable insights into achieving a sustainable global energy transition, highlightin

This reprint provides a forum for scientists and engineers to share and discuss their pioneering/original findings or insightful reviews on the “Characterization and Processing of Complex Materials”. Reports on successfully coupling complex industrial materials/waste/natural ores with non-destructive characterization method(s) and the unique processing developments were particularly encouraged. On the other hand, any kind of contribution under the broad framework of the understanding and production of complex materials was also highly regarded. This reprint gathers papers on the characterization and processing of complex materials with the following keywords: non-destructive characterization; analytical chemistry and instrumentation; waste management and recycling; selective material recovery/processing; sustainability and circular economy. This includes the waste management and recycling of complex materials (e.g., food and electronic waste) through the development of a new charact

This Special Issue collects contributions related to advances in the theory and practice of Econometrics induced by the research of Katarina Juselius and Søren Johansen, whom this Special Issue aims to celebrate. The papers in this Special Issue provide advances on several topics, and they are grouped in the following areas, with three to four papers per group). The first group provides a historical perspective on Katarina’s and Søren’s contributions to Econometrics. The second group of papers concentrates on representation theory, while the third focuses on estimation and inference. The fourth group explores extensions of CVARs for modelling and forecasting, and the fifth and final group is centered on empirical applications. Related Books Financial Econometrics Business & Economics Econometrics and Income Inequality Business & Economics Financial Econometrics and Quantitative Economic Analysis Business & Economics Recent Topics in Economic Research — Feature Papers for Cerebrating

This book compiles research on Enterobacterales characterization concerning the presence of genes associated with virulence (adhesins; surface cellulose structures and curli; siderophores, e.g., enterobactin, aerobactin, and yersiniabactin; protectines; invasins or toxins), and, furthermore, bacterial-biofilm-associated phenotypes. Although not directly involved in pathogenicity, the acquisition of multiple antibiotic resistances strongly supports the success of opportunistic Enterobacterales pathogens in invasion, survival, and spread and markedly complicates the treatment of infections. Not only pathogens, but also commensal bacteria, considered harmless and part of the normal microbiota, are exposed to selection pressure and can be a reservoir of mobile genetic elements carrying antibiotic resistance genes. Therefore, the occurrence of drug-resistant bacteria within a commensal population and the possibility to exchange genetic material through horizontal gene transfer may represe

Deep biosphere research is at the scientific frontier of bio- and geo-related sciences, yet it is largely underexplored. In terms of volume, deep subsurface settings represent some of the largest microbial habitats on the planet, and the combined biomass of the deep biosphere encompasses the largest living reservoir of carbon, excluding land plants. However, the paleo-record of the deep biosphere is still largely uncharted and neglected. The aim of this book is to highlight current research on deep life through time and bring together researchers with various perspectives. The book presents a collection of scientific contributions that provide a sample of forefront research in this field. The contributions involve a range of case studies of deep ancient life in continental and oceanic settings, of microbial diversity in sub-seafloor environments, and of the isolation of calcifying bacteria, as well as reviews on clay mineralization of fungal biofilms and on the carbon isotope records

This Reprint brings together recent advances in photonic metamaterials, highlighting novel nanofabrication techniques and diverse applications across sensing, imaging, and energy harvesting. The collection features tunable and reconfigurable metasurfaces leveraging materials such as graphene and vanadium dioxide, alongside innovative designs for telecommunications, augmented reality optics, imaging, and biosensing. Together, these contributions demonstrate the field's progress toward dynamic, multifunctional devices with engineered electromagnetic properties that transcend natural material limitations.

Over the past two decades, the rapid development of functional genomics has gradually clarified the regulatory effects of genotypes on phenotypes. Crop breeding researchers have discovered numerous genes influencing critical traits such as yield, resistance, and quality. By targeting these genes, scientists have achieved a more customized variety of breeding through biological breeding. Crop functional genomics research is a vital pathway for biological breeding. Understanding the functional genomics of crops provides deep insights into the genetic mechanisms controlling key traits like yield, stress resistance, and quality improvement. The goal of this Special Issue in Plants, “Crop Functional Genomics and Biological Breeding”, is to present an overview of the latest research and discoveries in crop functional genomics from plant journals, including studies on gene responses to stresses through whole-genome and transcriptome analyses and the identification and cloning of new genes related to crop yield, resistance, germination, and quality, and also covers functional analyses of these genes and their applications in biological breeding. We welcome all readers to this Reprint that covers several fields: the genetic and functional characterization of genes regulating critical agronomic traits or plant development; the genetic improvement in crops using modern biotechnologies, such as gene editing; and the discovery, characterization and application of germplasm resources with elite characteristics.

The purpose of this Special Issue is to present the advances in gem characterisation using principally non-destructive means. The proper identification of gems is an ever-increasing challenge, especially with harder-to-detect treatments and the new demands on geographical origin determination. In order to grow, gemmology requires valuable inputs from other fields of science, as well as more fundamental studies concerning gems. Hopefully, this series of articles will contribute to a better understanding of the characteristics of some gems. Related Books Mineralogy and Geochemistry of Gems Environmental & Earth Sciences Mineralogical and Geochemical Characterization of Geological Materials Environmental & Earth Sciences Mineralogy and Geochemistry of Ruby Environmental & Earth Sciences Characterization of Metallic Materials Engineering Diamond Crystals Computer Science & Mathematics ... The recommendations have been generated using an AI system. About: About MDPI Books Advisory Boa

The Special Issue “Laser Technologies in Metal-Based Materials” offers a harmonious presentation of the recent achievements in the field of laser-induced physical and chemical phenomena that have evolved into laser techniques to produce diverse functional metal materials and structures. The presented results provide new ideas for researchers, and new solutions for science-consuming manufacturing and industry. Related Books Advances in Laser Materials Processing Engineering Effects of Laser Treatment on Surface Characterization and Mechanical Properties of Alloys Chemistry & Materials Science ... Advanced Pulse Laser Machining Technology Public Health & Healthcare ... Laser Processing and Multi-Energy Field Manufacturing of High-Performance Materials Engineering Laser Assisted Manufacturing Engineering ... The recommendations have been generated using an AI system. About: About MDPI Books Advisory Board Legal Information: MDPI Privacy Policy Terms and Conditions Terms of Use Acc

Dietary fat quality is a crucial determinant of several physiological, biochemical and molecular processes in the body, tissues and cells. As a source of energy, Fatty Acids (FA) are mainly stored in fat cells and within lipid droplets (LD) in oxidative and steroidogenic tissues, but significant amounts are also found in cell membranes where their structural role is crucial for membrane protein functions and the control of cellular functions. Differential effects have been identified between different types FA on inflammatory and metabolic diseases during obesity or in response to physical exercise and chronic diseases. The most recent dietary guidelines advise that lipids should represent 35\% of the daily energy intake in order to prevent deleterious effects of high glycaemic index carbohydrates and deficiency in essential fatty acids. Hence, the prevalence of obesity could rise dramatically despite a fall in total fat intake. Advice is more focused on the improvement of the quality

With an introduction on how to redefine our thinking about religion and theatrical drama, these nine essays on contemporary and classic plays rehabilitate the link between theatrical performance and dramatic stories for the study of religion. These new and distinctively interdisciplinary perspectives will be of interest to scholars working in the fields of religion, theology, theatre and performance studies, literary studies, and philosophy. Related Books Religion and Folk Belief in Chinese Literature and Theatre Social Sciences, Arts & Humanities Religions in Shakespeare's Writings Social Sciences, Arts & Humanities Arts, Spirituality, and Religion Social Sciences, Arts & Humanities Sacred Sites, Rituals, and Performances Social Sciences, Arts & Humanities Digital and Spatial Studies of Religions Social Sciences, Arts & Humanities The recommendations have been generated using an AI system. About: About MDPI Books Advisory Board Legal Information: MDPI Privacy Policy Terms and